Digit sucking or thumb sucking habits are most commonly seen in younger children. These habits continued in their latter part of life and results in minor or major dental and skeletal discrepancies. The affected patients go through the psychological stress because of social factors and pain due to intervention to correct the dental and skeletal problems. There is also a cost burden on the paren...

The sucking behaviour of three litters o 1, 2, 5 and 9 days after birth. Records were later to determine the sucking time, teat pre each piglet. The smallest litter spent less The amount of competition amongst piglets was there was also evidence of territorial behavi After nine days the teat preference order had . the slowest growing litter. f 6, 8 and 10 piglets was observed at made on video t...

During doubly-labelled water (DLW) experiments, blood collection by venous puncture may traumatize animals and consequently affect the animals' behaviour and energy budget. Recent studies have shown that blood-sucking bugs (Triatominae; Heteroptera) can be used instead of conventional needles to obtain blood from animals. In this paper, we validate the bug method in captive nectar-feeding bats,...

Plant sucking heteropteran bugs feed regularly on small amounts of K(+)-rich plant material, in contrast to their hematophagous relatives which imbibe large volumes of Na(+)-rich blood. It was anticipated that this would be reflected in the endocrine control of Malpighian tubule (MT) secretion. To explore this, neuroendocrine factors known to influence MT secretion were tested on MT of the pent...

In this study, removal of a transitional object (pillow) was applied as the sole intervention for one of two siblings who sucked their thumbs. The intervention was applied only to the older sibling, whereas data were collected on the thumb sucking of both participants. Results indicated that removal of the transitional object for the older sibling reduced thumb sucking in both siblings and incr...

A blood-sucking habit appeared independently several times in the course of arthropod evolution. However, from more than a million species of insects and arachnids presently living on earth, only about 14,000 species developed the capacity to feed on vertebrate blood. This figure suggests the existence of severe physiological constraints for the evolution of hematophagy, implying the selective ...

This article considers the natural regulators of blood-sucking Simuliidae subzone mixed forests on territory Belarus and Ukraine. In forests, major preimaginal phases bloodsucking blackflies are microsporidia (Polidyspirenia simulii, Polidyspirenia sp., Thelohania fibrata, Amblyospora bracteata, A. varians), fungi mermithides (Gastromermis boophthorae). Caddisfly larvae (Hydropsyche angustipenn...

The article presents data on the species diversity of blood-sucking arthropods in settlements various types northern climatic region Belarus. A total 3 Ixodidae − Ixodes persulcatus (Schulze, 1930), ricinus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Dermacentor reticulatus Fabricius, 1794; 14 mosquitoes from genera (Aedes Meigen, 1818; Anopheles Coquillettidia Dyar, 1905) 9 black fly 6 (Simulium Latreille, 1802; Wil...