Proteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from biological fluid is a powerful approach to discover potential biomarkers for human diseases including cancers, as EV secreted to biological fluids are originated from the affected tissue. In order to investigate significant molecules related to the pathogenesis of bladder cancer, EVs were isolated from patient urine which was analyzed by m...

The authors are members of the professorial staff of the New York Post-graduate medical school, and their book is based on their experience with diseases of the biliary tract over a considerable period of time, especially at their hospital's clinic for the study of diseases of the liver and biliary tract. The preface promises a concise description of the latest concepts of the aetiology of dise...

Bladder herniation is an uncommon condition mimicking suspicious metastasis on PET/CT imaging. We report a 67 y/o man with prostate cancer referred for recurrence evaluation with 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT. The scan showed an asymmetric site of intense tracer accumulation in the left inguino-scrotal region with the same SUVmax to the pelvic bladder. Reviewing cross sectional CT i...

The epidermal growth factor receptor (HER1) has been implicated in regenerative growth and proliferative diseases of the human bladder epithelium (urothelium), however a cognate HER1 ligand that can act as a growth factor for normal human urothelial cells (HUC) has not been identified. Here we show that heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), an activating HER1 ligand, is an autocrine ...

Introduction: Bladder stone treatment in children is evolving rapidly. Vesicolithotomy has now been rarely used except very large and even larger stones are treated with percutaneous cystolithotripsy, which still more invasive compared transurethral cystolithotripsy. We have evaluated a series of 150 case bladder this minimal approach through natural orifice i.e. urethra to assess its feasibili...

Particulate matter (PM) has been found to damage vital body organs, including the lungs and heart, through vascular damage and oxidative stress. Recently, renal function and chronic urologic diseases have also been found to be related to PM. To investigate this, we reviewed the characteristics of PM related to renal toxicity, including recent studies on the associations of urologic diseases wit...

BACKGROUND It is evident that infant's umbilical cord is essential for its survival and growth. In the past, it was not considered as a necessary tissue. However, nowadays, it has attracted lots of attention and its relation to different diseases has been demonstrated. In Iranian traditional medicine, caring for newborn's umbilical cord has been frequently recommended and it has been associated...

thirty clinical cases of obstructive urolithiasis, 15 with intact urinary bladder and 15 with ruptured urinary bladder, were used to study the changes in peritoneal fluid cytology. the percentage of neutrophils was highly increased than the normal reference range reported for cattle with slight decrease in lymphocyte percentage. the value for neutrophil percent was almost similar in both intact...

Urinary bladder diseases are a common problem throughout the world and often difficult to accurately diagnose. Furthermore, they pose a heavy financial burden on health services. Urinary bladder tissue from male pigs was spectrophotometrically measured and the resulting data used to calculate the absorption, transmission, and reflectance parameters, along with the derived coefficients of scatte...

Canda et al. [1] focused on the changes of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) and neuronal tissue related to diabetes. The results of the current study showed that the number of ICCs in the lamina propria and detrusor muscle is decreased in diabetic patients. This may be an underlying pathomechanism of lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with diabetes. Long lasting diabetes results in diff...