When independent variables have high linear correlation in a multiple linear regression model, we can have wrong analysis. It happens if we do the multiple linear regression analysis based on common Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method. In this situation, we are suggested to use ridge regression estimator. We conduct some simulation study to compare the performance of ridge regression estimator ...

Knowledge of the spatial pattern population is important. Census data provide insufficient information because they are released only for large geographic areas. Nighttime light (NTL) have been utilized widely as an effective proxy mapping. However, well-reported challenges pixel overglow and saturation influence applicability Defense Meteorological Program Operational Line-Scan System (DMSP-OL...

This paper reviews alternative econometric approaches the literature has used to examine connectedness between oil prices and exchange rates illustrates their application using quarterly data from 1970: Q1 2022: for ASEAN-5 countries, which are as follows: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand. Although most studies examining impact of apply Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) approach...

The one-pot, multi-component synthesis of 4,4′-(arylmethylene)bis(1H-pyrazol-5-ols) by tandem Knoevenagel-Michael reaction of phenylhydrazine, ethyl acetoacetate and aldehydes in the presence of silica-bonded N-propylpiperazine sulfamic acid (SBPPSA) as a recyclable solid acid catalyst was reported. SBPPSA showed much the same efficiency when used in consecutive reaction runs.

We examine whether equity volatility can explain the difference in syndicated corporate loan spreads paid by U.S. and European borrowers first documented by Carey and Nini (2007). We argue that OLS estimates of the association between equity volatility and loan spreads are biased and inconsistent. We suggest instrumental variables that potentially identify consistent estimates. Our instrumental...

Since 1782, when Euler addressed the question of existence of a pair of Orthogonal Latin Squares (OLS) by stating his famous conjecture ([8, 9, 13]), these structures have remained an active area of research due to their theoretical properties as well as their applications in a variety of fields. In the current work we consider the polyhedral aspects of OLS. In particular we establish the dimen...

This article reports the findings from a localized spatial modeling approach and visual assessment of crime determinants in Flint, Michigan. Factors pertaining to socioeconomic condition, public health, social capital, environmental stress, and neighborhood context were analyzed spatially and statistically using exploratory data analysis, exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA), ordinary least...

Most readability formulas calculate a global readability score by combining several indicator values by a linear combination. Typical indicators are Average sentence length, Average number of syllables per word, etc. Usually the parameters of the linear combination are determined by a linear OLS (ordinary least square estimation) minimizing the sum of the squared residuals in comparison with hu...

Limited amount of evidence suggests that high intake of flavonoids could be associated with decreased risk of lung and colorectal cancer, but more studies are needed. In this prospective cohort study, we assessed the relation between the intakes of 26 flavonoids from 5 subclasses; flavonols, flavones, flavanones, flavan-3-ols and anthocyanidins, and the risk of lung, prostate and colorectal can...

In this study, mean annual precipitation and temperature values observed at 225 meteorological observations over Turkey are used to disclose spatial distribution of mean annual precipitation and temperature values. Data components were obtained from the Turkish State Meteorological Service for 34 years period (1970-2003). The basic objectives of the study are: to infer the nature of spatial var...