There is increasing empirical support for the biodiversity and ecosystem service (ES) benefits of mixed-species production forests. However, few studies control spatial arrangement trees within mixtures to determine influence that clustering tree species (patch scale mixtures), versus evenly dispersing them (intimate may have ES outcomes. To highlight potential implications altering in mixtures...

Francis Birch was a founder of the science of solid earth geophysics. He demonstrated how study of the physics of minerals and rocks could lead, in conjunction with knowledge of seismic structure and geochemical abundances, to an understanding of the constitution of the Earth. Birch obtained, in his Harvard University laboratory, some of the first reliable data for the elasticity (especially at...

BACKGROUND Many types of tree pollen trigger seasonal allergic illness, but their population-level impacts on allergy and asthma morbidity are not well established, likely due to the paucity of long records of daily pollen data that allow analysis of multi-day effects. Our objective in this study was therefore to determine the impacts of individual spring tree pollen types on over-the-counter a...

Allergen-specific CD4+ T lymphocytes are activated at extremely low allergen concentrations in vivo as a result of serum-facilitated allergen presentation (S-FAP). It is not clear at present if specific allergy vaccination (SAV) has an effect on this mechanism. Here we show that birch allergen-specific serum-IgE facilitates the presentation of Bet v 1, the major birch pollen allergen, to Bet v ...

Fröhlich suggested considering invariants of ON together with the trace pairing (x, y) → TrN/Q(xy). This leads to local and global Hermitian discriminants of (ON, Tr) in “Hermitian classgroups.” Cassou-Noguès and Taylor showed these discriminants were enough to determine both local and global symplectic root numbers. This approach will be generalized to projective schemes over Z in lecture 3. O...