On Earth, the deep subsurface biosphere of both the oceanic and the continental crust is well known for surviving harsh conditions and environments characterized by high temperatures, high pressures, extreme pHs, and the absence of sunlight. The microorganisms of the terrestrial deep biosphere have an excellent capacity for adapting to changing geochemistry, as the alteration of the crust proce...

Marine reserves have been proposed as a remedy for overfishing and declining marine biodiversity, but concern that reserves would inherently reduce yields has impeded their implementation. It was found that management of fisheries through reserves and management through effort control produce identical yields under a reasonable set of simplifying assumptions corresponding to a broad range of bi...

We contribute to the understanding of marine reserves and the management of renewable resources with uncertainty. We show that the key benefit of reserves is that they increase resilience, or the speed it takes a population to return to a former state following a negative shock. Resilience can also increase resource rents even with optimal harvesting. We contradict the accepted wisdom that rese...

Sunlight Badrun Nesa1, Andrew H Baird2, Saki Harii3, Irina Yakovleva4, and Michio Hidaka1,* 1Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Univ. of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan 2ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook Univ., Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia 3Sesoko Station, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, Univ. of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 905-0227, Japan...