this study propose a new analytical protocol for the determination of benzene, xylene, toluene and styrene in water samples using homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction via flotation assistance (hllme-fa) technique followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms). in this research, a special extraction cell was designed to facilitate collection of the low-density solvent extraction. ...

an experimental study of the phase inversion behavior of liquid-liquid dispersion has been conducted in a spray extraction column for systems of toluene / water, n-hexane/water, ccl4/water, toluene /water + glycerol (25 % wt), toluene + ccl4 (25 % wt) / water and toluene / acetic acid (5 % wt)/water. the effects of physical properties, mass transfer and column geometry on phase inversion have b...

introduction: the mechanism of action and metabolism of clozapine, a complex drug used in psychopharmacology, is not completely understood. the effects of this compound in human body are related to some interactions with serotonin and dopamine neurotransmitter receptors. to further elucidate the mechanism of action and to support ongoing drug metabolism studies, [14c] clozapine with suitable ra...

The potential of microorganisms for the treatment municipal biosolids is continuously growing. present studies evaluated potency Trametes hirsuta reduction in biosolid mass, production extracellular enzymes, and removal pharmaceutical compounds (PhACs) slurry presence absence spiked PhACs [5 non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIs) 2 psychoactive (PACs)]. Toxicity after 35 days fungal was also...

The achievement of safe sanitation access is about 7.42 % in 2018, that indicates high risk faecal contamination from unmanaged onsite system and has not been fully supported by sludge service. This paper described the study characteristic for review potential integrating handling with improved communal wastewater treatment. Faecal quality were observed pit latrines septic tank, then analysis m...

Nonylphenol (NP) and other hydrophobic biodegradation intermediates of nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPE) surfactants have been identified in wastewater treatment biosolids. These biosolids often are land applied, but little is known regarding the potential uptake of biosolid-derived contaminants by plants. Hydroponic experiments, 11 to 14 weeks in duration, were conducted to examine the uptake and t...

We evaluate the mid-term effects of two amendments and the establishment of R. officinalis on chemical and biochemical properties in a trace element contaminated soil by a mine spill and the possible use of this plant for stabilization purposes. The experiment was carried out using containers filled with trace element polluted soil, where four treatments were established: organic treatment (bio...

In this study, the effects of non-hazardous levels of heavy metal (Zn, Cu, Cr and Cd)-enriched organic waste on biomass partitioning and heavy metal accumulation in plant organs in July and October were determined for two poplar clones (Populus deltoides × maximowiczii—clone Eridano and P. × euramericana—clone I-214) commonly used in Italian poplar plantations. Soil amended with the industrial ...

In the 21st century the fresh water scarcity increased very rapidly due to the urbanization and industrialization process. In these conditions the urban wastewater plays an important role in the water usage criteria. In this aspect, in all the major cities, wastewater treatment plants have been constructed to treat the urban wastewater in view of decreasing the water scarcity. The presence of n...

This study evaluates the occurrence of flame retardants (FR) in five wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located close to Barcelona (NE Spain), an area with high urban and industrial pressures. Compounds studied include eight polybromodiphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and eight New Brominated Flame Retardants (NBFRs), for which little information regarding their presence, partitioning and fate within the...