BIOPHYSICAL methods have done much towards obtaining purified viruses and getting from them information useful for the control of disease. The following discussion is not a review' of this information but rather a statement of some qf the problems which must be met as further progress is made. These problems are threefold, dealing (a) with the concentration, purification and physicochemical pro...

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) may be used for local tumor treatment by coupling them to a drug and accumulating them locally with magnetic field traps, that is, a combination of permanent magnets and coils. Thereafter, an alternating magnetic field generates heat which may be used to release the thermosensitively bound drug and for hyperthermia. Until today, only superficia...

Functional neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) can be used to isolate an evoked response to a stimulus from significant background physiological fluctuations. Data analysis approaches typically use averaging or linear regression to remove this physiological baseline with varying degrees of success. Biophysical model-...

Neuronal differentiation from totipotent precursors in vitro, is thought to require two signals: first a biophysical state (cellular aggregation) followed by a biochemical signal (retinoic acid treatment). In investigating the properties of retinoic acid-differentiated embryonic stem cell lines. However, we noted that retinoic acid treatment without prior aggregation, is sufficient to induce ex...

Antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections represent an emerging health concern in clinical settings, and a lack of novel developments in the pharmaceutical pipeline is creating a "perfect storm" for multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been suggested as future therapeutics for these drug-resistant bacteria, since they have potent broad-spectrum activity, ...

The integrated application of multi-source and multi-temporal remote sensing data is the trend of remote sensing application research, and it is also the practical need to solve the inversion problem of remote sensing. In this paper, a method is developed to retrieve canopy biophysical variables using multi-temporal remote sensing data. The inherent change rules of biophysical variables are int...

BACKGROUND The pore-forming subunit of the cardiac sodium channel, Na v1.5, has been previously found to be mutated in genetically determined arrhythmias. Na v1.5 associates with many proteins that regulate its function and cellular localisation. In order to identify more in situ Na v1.5 interacting proteins, genetically-modified mice with a high-affinity epitope in the sequence of Na v1.5 can ...

The pore-forming subunit of the cardiac sodium channel, Na 1.5, Background: has been previously found to be mutated in genetically determined arrhythmias. Na 1.5 associates with many proteins that regulate its function and cellular localisation. In order to identify more Na 1.5 interacting proteins, in situ genetically-modified mice with a high-affinity epitope in the sequence of Na 1.5 can be ...

During early embryogenesis, the heart is a single, relatively straight tube which bends and twists (loops) rightward to create the basic plan of the mature heart. Despite intensive study for many decades, the biophysical mechanisms which drive and regulate cardiac looping have remained poorly understood. This review discusses, from a historical perspective, studies of looping mechanics and vari...

A distinguishing feature of a multicellular living system is that it operates at various scales, from the intracellular to organismal. Genes and molecules set up the conditions for the physical processes to act, in particular to shape the embryo. As development continues the changes brought about by the physical processes lead to changes in gene expression. It is this coordinated interplay betw...