Electrochemical DNA biosensors are used widely due to its sensitivity, accessibility and accuracy. This electrochemical era in DNA biosensors took almost three decades for its development and application. Purine bases in the DNA namely guanine and adenine oxidizes at the working electrode during application of a positive potential. This property of DNA has been utilized in electrochemical DNA b...

Nanopipette technology can uniquely identify biomolecules such as proteins based on differences in size, shape, and electrical charge. These differences are determined by the detection of changes in ionic current as the proteins interact with the nanopipette tip coated with probe molecules. Here we show that electrostatic, biotin-streptavidin, and antibody-antigen interactions on the nanopipett...

This paper details the development of an integrated AC electro-osmotic (ACEO) microfluidic pump for dilute electrolytes consisting of a long serpentine microchannel lined with three dimensional (3D) stepped electrode arrays. Using low AC voltage (1 V rms, 1 kHz), power (5 mW) and current (4.5 mA) in water, the pump is capable of generating a 1.3 kPa head pressure, a 100-fold increase over prior...

Hybrid 3D printing is a new method for producing soft electronics that combines direct ink writing of conductive and dielectric elastomeric materials with automated pick-and-place of surface mount electronic components within an integrated additive manufacturing platform. Using this approach, insulating matrix and conductive electrode inks are directly printed in specific layouts. Passive and a...

Estrogen receptor (ER), expressed in approximately 80% of primary breast cancer cells, has proven to be a valuable predictive factor of the disease. Herein, by making use of the specific binding of ER to its DNA response elements, we propose an Exonuclease III (Exo III) protection-based electrochemical method for detecting ER proteins. In this assay, the presence of ER can protect the duplex DN...

Patient biopotentials are usually measured with conventional disposable Ag/AgCl electrodes. These electrodes provide excellent signal quality but are irritating for long-term use. Skin preparation is usually required prior to the application of electrodes such as shaving and cleansing with alcohol. To overcome these difficulties, researchers and caregivers seek alternative electrodes that would...

the glucose oxidase (gox) electrochemical sensors were used to detect a little amount of glucose. in this paper, the pure platinum plate (length of 5 cm and a width of 3 mm), the ag/agcl electrode and platinum electrode (diameter of 1 mm) were applied as a working electrode (w.e), reference electrode and auxiliary electrode sequential. factors measured, glucose concentration and ph is phosphate...

The monitoring and early detection of abnormalities or variations in the cardiac cycle functionality are very critical practices and have significant impact on the prevention of heart diseases and their associated complications. Currently, in the field of biomedical engineering, there is a growing need for devices capable of measuring and monitoring a wide range of cardiac cycle parameters cont...

Benzodiazepines are an important class of drugs commonly administered with a potential for abuse and environmental pollution. This review focuses on the liquid chromatographic electrochemical detection of the benzodiazepine class of drugs. These are characterised by a readily electrochemically reducible azomethine group, with a number also substituted by other electrochemically active groups. L...

Hafnium has been suggested as an interesting material for biomedical applications due to its good biocompatibility and osteogenesis. However, its behaviour under fretting corrosion conditions, found in applications such as dental and joint implants, has not been studied in depth. A three-electrode electrochemical cell integrated with a ball-on-flat reciprocating tribometer was used to investiga...