Root hairs provide a model system for the study of cell polarity. We examined the possibility that one or more members of the distinct plant subfamily of RHO monomeric GTPases, termed Rop, may function as molecular switches regulating root hair growth. Specific Rops are known to control polar growth in pollen tubes. Overexpressing Rop2 (Rop2 OX) resulted in a strong root hair phenotype, whereas...

How do cells collectively control an organ's behavior? By plucking various numbers of hairs from the mouse skin, Chen et al. show that hairs regenerate only when a sufficiently high density of them are plucked. Remarkably, a hair follicle can only regenerate in concert with other follicles, but not autonomously.

A bow with horse tail hair is used to play the violin. New and worn-out bow hairs were observed by atomic force microscopy. The cuticles of the new bow hair were already damaged by bleach and delipidation, however the worn-out bow hairs were much more damaged and broken off by force, which relates to wearing out.

We work with polynomial three-dimensional rigid differential systems. Using the Lyapunov constants, we obtain lower bounds for cyclicity of known centers on their center manifolds. Moreover, an example a quadratic from which is possible to bifurcate 13 limit cycles, new bound

The influence of plant roots and the associated rhizosphere activities on decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM), the rhizosphere priming effect, has emerged as a crucial mechanism regulating global carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles. However, the role of root morphology in controlling the rhizosphere priming effect remains largely unknown. To investigate the link between root hairs, a crit...

Root hairs are long tubular outgrowths that form on the surface of specialized epidermal cells. They are required for nutrient and water uptake and interact with the soil microflora. Here we show that the Oryza sativa cellulose synthase-like D1 (OsCSLD1) gene is required for root hair development, as rice (Oryza sativa) mutants that lack OsCSLD1 function develop abnormal root hairs. In these mu...

Many animals from different phyla use structures bearing arrays of hairs to perform a variety of important functions, such as olfaction, gas exchange, suspension feeding and locomotion. The performance of all these functions depends on the motion of water or air around and through these arrays of hairs. Because organisms often move such hair-bearing appendages with respect to their bodies or th...

Using light and electron microscopy (both scanning and transmission), we observed the presence of sensilla chaetica and hairs on the cerci of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria L. (Orthoptera: Acrididae). Based on their fine structures, three types of sensilla chaetica were identified: long, medium, and short. Males presented significantly more numbers of medium and short sensilla chaetic...

Trichoscopy has become an essential tool for the diagnosis of various diseases that affect the hair and scalp. Through dermatoscopy we identified a set of findings that share a circular shape of hair shafts. The objective of this study is to distinguish among the various forms of circular hairs in order to identify their peculiarities and to describe in which skin disorders they can be found.

The anatomy and physiology of exteroceptors on the surfaces of the wings have been described in many insects, but their roles in behaviour have been less well studied. They have often been assumed to have a role primarily in flight. We show that the wings of the locust Schistocerca gregaria possess at least three different hair types with characteristic patterns of distribution that determine t...