This report presents data on the income and poverty status of families and persons in the US for 1986. Data were compiled from information collected in the March 1987 Current Population Survey conducted by the Bureau of the Census. 60,500 households were surveyed nationwide. Highlights of the data follow. 1) In 1986, median family income was $29,460, 4.2% higher than the 1985 median of $27,...

Identifying the spatial changes in farming–pastoral ecotone (FPE) is of utmost importance for development strategies ecological protection ecologically fragile areas. This study employed autocorrelation and clustering techniques to map FPE at pixel scale using CLCD data with a resolution 30 × m years 1985, 2000, 2021, then analyzed northern China. The results showed that mainly located border b...

This study explores the link between economic growth and penile length between 1960 and 1985. It estimates an augmented Solow model utilizing the Mankiw-Romer-Weil 121 country dataset. The size of male organ is found to have an inverse U-shaped relationship with the level of GDP in 1985. Economic development between 1960 and 1985 is negatively associated with the size of male organ. With consid...

The man whose name we are honouring today, Colonel D D Cunningham, was born in 1843 and educated at Edinburgh University were he graduated with honours in medicine in 1867. He entered the Indian Medical Service, and during his attendance on the Tropical Diseases Course at the Army Medical School (then located at Netley), his potential as a research scientist was recognised and he was sent to Ge...

We compared reading acquisition in English and Italian children up to late primary school analyzing RTs and errors as a function of various psycholinguistic variables and changes due to experience. Our results show that reading becomes progressively more reliant on larger processing units with age, but that this is modulated by consistency of the language. In English, an inconsistent orthograph...

A critical problem in building long systolic arrays lies in efficient and reliable synchronization. We address this problem in the context of synchronous systems by introducing probabilistic models for two alternative clock distribution schemes: tree and straight-line clocking. We present analytic bounds for the Probability of Failure and the Mean Time to Failure, and examine the trade-offs bet...

The spatial and temporal variations of Ross River virus infections reported in Queensland, Australia, between 1985 and 1996 were studied by using the Geographic Information System. The notified cases of Ross River virus infection came from 489 localities between 1985 and 1988, 805 between 1989 and 1992, and 1,157 between 1993 and 1996 (chi2(df = 2) = 680.9; P < 0.001). There was a marked increa...

For a social scientist of a particular kind, the first thought that springs to mind in association with ‘inconsistency’ is Arrow’s famous impossibility theorem. The association is a natural one because, in the original formulation, inconsistency plays a double role in Arrow’s theorem. At the first level, the requirement that any aggregate ‘community’ ranking of social states be transitive is ak...

A resilience analysis of protection cycles (p-cycle) configurations for Double Rings with Dual Attachment (DRDAs) architectures is presented in this work. DRDAs are composed of two rings with corresponding nodes connected by two separated links. There are several possible configurations of p-cycles, which may be used in DRDAs for improving link or node protection upon link failure. The values o...

The most common approach for development, testing programs include some corrective actions during testing and some delayed fixes incorporated at the end of test. This paper presents an Extended model that addresses this practical situation given in the application part of sec 3.In this application the testing mode is considered as active mode and the delayed fixes mode as at the delivery. The r...