This paper develops a threshold-based semantics for the Turkish indirect evidential marker, then shows that this marker’s behavior in interrogatives, so-called interrogative flip, follows from the structure of discourse as formulated by models that incorporate speaker commitment. I first establish that the indirect evidential marks information for which a speaker’s evidence is at best second-be...

Sir, With great interest, we read the recently published editorial comment by Dr Piccoli entitled ‘The never-ending search for the perfect dialysis. Should we move from the best treatment to the best system?’ [1]. We are convinced that intensive haemodialysis (HD) may be the best dialysis treatment in the best system. Not only in specific circumstances such as pregnancy, after non-renal solid o...

The minimum mean squared error (MMSE) criterion is a popular criterion for devising best predictors. In case of linear predictors, it has the advantage that no further distributional assumptions need to be made, other then about the firstand second-order moments. In the spatial and Earth sciences, it is the best linear unbiased predictor (BLUP) that is used most often. Despite the fact that in ...

In this paper we generalize and extend BrosowskiMeinardus type results on invariant points from the set of best approximation to the set of best simultaneous approximation, which is not necessarily starshaped. As a consequence some results on best approximation are deduced. The proved results extend and generalize some of the results of R. N. Mukherjee and V. Verma [Publ. de l’Inst. Math. 49(19...

The construction of a feed-forward controller frequently requires the estimation of an inverse function. Two possible methods to achieve this are: (i) learning the best estimated inverse (BEI), a method that is sometimes referred to as direct inverse learning and (ii) learning the inverse of the best estimator (IBE), a method that is sometimes referred to as indirect inverse learning. We analyz...

We review recent studies that asked: do college students learn relatively more from teachers whom they rate highly on student evaluation forms? Recent studies measured learning at two-time points. When learning was measured with a test at the end of the course, the teachers who got the highest ratings were the ones who contributed the most to learning. But when learning was measured as performa...