We present a scheme to realize obstruction- and turbulence-tolerant free-space orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing link by using self-healing Bessel beams accompanied by adaptive compensation techniques. Compensation of multiple 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) data carrying Bessel beams through emulated atmospheric turbulence and obstructions is demonstrated. The obtaine...

The effect of the Kerr nonlinearity on linear non-diffractive Bessel beams is investigated analytically and numerically using the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The nonlinearity is shown to primarily affect the central parts of the Bessel beam, giving rise to radial compression or decompression depending on whether the nonlinearity is focusing or defocusing, respectively. The dynamical propert...

Energy trajectories, that is, integral curves of the Poynting (current) vector, are calculated for scalar Bessel and Laguerre-Gauss beams carrying orbital angular momentum. The trajectories for the exact waves are helices, winding on cylinders for Bessel beams and hyperboloidal surfaces for Laguerre-Gauss beams. In the geometrical-optics approximations, the trajectories for both types of beam a...

A Fourier-Bessel equivalent of the plane wave technique is employed to theoretically analyze a circular photonic crystal structure containing both radial and rotational periodicity. The presence of the 12-fold rotational symmetry in the dielectric profile results in a 12-times reduction in the order of the matrix diagonalized when cast using the Fourier-Bessel basis functions. In addition, the ...

Current methods for generating Bessel beams are limited to fixed beam sizes or, in the case of conventional adaptive optics, relatively long switching times between beam shapes. We analyze the multiscale Bessel beams created using an alternative rapidly switchable device: a tunable acoustic gradient index (TAG) lens. The shape of the beams and their nondiffracting, self-healing characteristics ...

A distributed-feedback (DFB) dye laser that is pumped by a standing Bessel-beam wave is constructed. Because of the long line focus of the Bessel beam, the laser medium is pumped in only a very thin filament (a few micrometers) along the optical axis. At the same time, longitudinal-mode selection is achieved because of the DFB effect. It is demonstrated that when the effective wavelength of the...

In this paper we present a simple and effective method, based on appropriate superpositions of Bessel-Gauss beams, which in the Fresnel regime is able to describe in analytic form the three-dimensional evolution of important waves as Bessel beams, plane waves, gaussian beams, and Bessel-Gauss beams when truncated by finite apertures. One of the by-products of our mathematical method is that one...

Bessel beams have been extensive studied to date but are always created over a finite region inside the laboratory. Means to overcome this consider multi-element refractive designs to create beams that have a longitudinal dependent cone angle, thereby allowing for a far greater quasi non-diffracting propagation region. Here we outline a generalized approach for the creation of shape-invariant B...

Fourier multiplexed FLIM (FmFLIM) tomography enables multiplexed 3D lifetime imaging of whole embryos. In our previous FmFLIM system, the spatial resolution was limited to 25 μm because of the trade-off between the spatial resolution and the imaging depth. In order to achieve cellular resolution imaging of thick specimens, we built a tomography system with dual-color Bessel beam. In combination...

A beam that resembles a Bessel beam on two scales is generated using a tunable acoustic gradient index of refraction (TAG) lens. The minor scale of the TAG-generated Bessel beam is nondiffracting and self-healing. The major scale of the beam diffracts while still forming a Bessel pattern due to the specific geometry of the TAG lens. The acoustic and optical theory behind the TAG lens is outline...