For some species, climate change has altered environmental conditions away from those in which life-history strategies evolved. In such cases, if adaptation does not keep pace with these changes, existing life-history strategies may become maladaptive and lead to population declines. We use life-history theory, with a specific emphasis on breeding strategies, in the context of the trophic match...

Eradication is the elimination of every single individual of a species from an area to which recolonization is unlikely to occur. Cost-benefit analyses of eradication programs involve biases that tend to underestimate the costs and overestimate the benefits. In this review, we (a) highlight limitations of current cost-benefit analyses, (b) assess eradication strategies from biological and socio...

Many proximate causes of global amphibian declines have been well documented, but the role that climate change has played and will play in this crisis remains ambiguous for many species. Breeding phenology and disease outbreaks have been associated with warming temperatures, but, to date, few studies have evaluated effects of climate change on individual vital rates and subsequent population dy...

Modern breeding of root and tuber staple food crops is the most practical strategy to address the challenges of small holding farmers in developing nations. The rapid advance of genomics technologies can enable breeders to design costeffective and efficient breeding strategies by exploiting the ability of molecular plant breeding to increase favorable gene action and efficiency of selection. Th...

The Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) is a widespread brood parasite that has attracted considerable recent attention as a possible threat to forestdwelling songbirds (e.g. Finch 1991, Robinson et al. 1995). Cowbirds are unusual among passerines in that their parasitic nature allows some populations to have spatially and temporally separate breeding and feeding activities (Rothstein et al. ...

genetic diversity is one of principle factors to succeed in breeding programs, so its determination is vital in the using of plant genetic resources. with the aim of evaluation of genetic diversity among safflower landraces, 20 lines (14 iranian and 6 foreign lines) were studied for phenotypic and genotypic variations using agro-morphological traits and rapd markers. field study was conducted i...