[English]: This quantitative study with n = 206 participants (mathematics pre-service teachers from Indonesia) investigates the effect of two factors on teachers’ beliefs: (1) contexts related to students’ achievement as well (2) differences between school mathematics and university mathematics. The results this show that have different beliefs about teaching learning in (a class dominated by h...

This paper aims to study Vygotsky’s (1987) sociocultural theory of learning with respect to how it relates to technology-based second language learning and teaching. The researchers selected their participants from advanced students from Payame Noor University. We divided the participants into two groups- an experimental group and a control group. After teaching the course an experimental group...

Learning is a complex process involving knowledge acquisition, transformation, and creation. This paper focuses on how students’ beliefs about and use of learning scaffolds relate to their characteristics, and the specific context in which they are expected to use these labels. An asynchronous text-based online environment with built-in learning scaffolds (called “knowledge labels”) was the con...

Four sources of information are available to the intelligent CALL system described here: individual performance, individual background, individuals' own (stated) beliefs, and typical learner progression. A learner's performance in the target domain constitutes the traditional information in a student model. However, there are many factors involved in learning a foreign language. For example, a ...

the present study aimed at exploring the potential relationship between language learning strategies (lls) and factors such as major fields of study, sex, and language proficiency among university students across different fields such as medicine, sciences, engineering, humanities, and english. to this end, 200 master students were collected and tested. in addition, 25 english teachers were inc...

the present study was aimed at examining concerns about the social effects of efl learning, a challenging area of research which has not been discussed sufficiently. it tried to investigate the relationship between efl learning and national identity. in addition, attempt was made to find a relationship between language motivation types and national identity. furthermore, the role of two demogra...