Group beliefs, or collective doxastic states, are states analogous to beliefs but attributed to groups instead of individuals. In this paper, existing views on the nature of certain types of group beliefs, non-summative group beliefs, are critically examined. Some authors state that they are beliefs, others say that they are not beliefs but acceptances. It is here argued that the distinction be...

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to determine if there is a relationship between middle school students’ epistemological beliefs and Piagetian stages of cognitive development and (b) if there is a relationship between epistemological beliefs and academic performance. Epistemological beliefs were defined as how individuals come to know and the beliefs they hold about this knowledge. A ...

Research findings on the specific relationships between beliefs and OCD symptoms have been inconsistent, yet the existing studies vary in their approach to measuring the highly heterogeneous symptoms of this disorder. The Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DOCS) is a new measure that allows for the assessment of OCD symptom dimensions, rather than types of obsessions and compulsions per se...

Previous studies have shown that people’s memories are changeable, and systematic incorrect memories (e.g., false memory) can be created. We hypothesize that people’s beliefs about the real world can be changed similarly to the way systematic incorrect memories and systematic incorrect beliefs (which we call memory-based false belief) are generated. We also predict that since memory-based false...

conclusions this study showed that we must put more effort in translating knowledge into behavior. background it has been reported that three factors may be responsible for the social stigma associated with disease: widespread ignorance, little information and misconceptions about the disease in society. objectives this study is aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about hiv/aids i...

Purpose of the Present Research The purpose of the present research is, using Structured Equation Modeling (SEM), to structurally validate the constructs of Navajo high school students' positive and negative ability beliefs within a model of achievement motivation. We also examine the role of these ability beliefs from the perspectives of stereotype threat and social identity theory. According ...

background addiction is considered a basic structural problem in modern society, and seems to reach an epidemic scale in the last decades. choosing a method to fulfill the intervention is an important issue to conduct educational interventions to prevent addictive behaviors. in this regard, web-based education has been widely used to introduce preventive programs to risky behaviors during recen...

PRIMARY INSOMNIA IS A PREVALENT AND OFTEN DEBILITATING FORM OF SLEEP DIFFICULTY, TRADITIONALLY ATTRIBUTED TO SUCH SUSTAINING FACTORS as conditioned arousal at bedtime and sleep-disruptive habits.1,2,3,4 Current cognitive-behavioral conceptualizations5-7 of primary insomnia posit that rigidly held or self-defeating beliefs and attitudes about sleep also play important roles in sustaining this fo...