Juvenile Justice-Translational Research on Interventions for Adolescents in the Legal System (JJ-TRIALS) is a cooperative implementation science initiative launched by NIDA in July 2013. The project seeks to reduce unmet substance use disorder needs for delinquent youth under community supervision by assisting juvenile justice (JJ) agencies in their efforts to implement best practices and impro...

Problem statement: Despite the need for a culture of learning in South African schools, research reveal that it is not generally encountered. Research also indicates the manifestation of student behavior problems constraining effective learning. Approach: This research study was directed at determining if a link existed between behavior problems and a lack of a culture of learning. The research...

The effectiveness of psychological treatments in schizophrenia has been explored in controlled trials over the last 15 years leading to the conclusion that they are an important adjunct to antipsychotic medication in the treatment of the disorder. Family interventions and cognitive-behavioral treatments have received the most attention. However, studies have mainly been carried out with individ...

BACKGROUND Although many behavioral interventions have proven to be efficacious, new methodologies are required beyond efficacy trials to understand how to adopt, implement with fidelity, and sustain behavioral interventions in community settings. In this paper, we present a new approach, based on systems engineering concepts and methods, for characterizing implementation strategies that are us...

In a previous article, we described our approach to implementation of effective environmental enrichment, which begins with the diagnosis of environmental features to determine how well they meet the behavior and welfare needs of indoor-housed cats. We formulate this diagnosis based on a pertinent history and physical evaluation. A pertinent history allows us to identify features of the cat and...

S after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, about 10% of Lucille Underwood’s workday as a mental health specialist with the Allegheny County Department of Human Services was spent on issues related to disaster preparation and response. That soon changed. “I can tell you that in the past five years, my job has become 90% disaster preparation and response,” said Underwood, who is assigne...

In response to veterans' needs in the context of recent deployments, the Veterans Affairs (VA) health system has increased the number of its facilities and caregivers and has pioneered changes in policy and programs. We review significant recent initiatives to improve access to behavioral health services in the VA health system.

It is time that we as a Nation took seriously the task of preventing mental health problems and treating mental illness in youth...Children are suffering needlessly because their emotional, behavioral and developmental needs are not being met by those very institutions which were explicitly created to take care of them (Report of the Surgeon General’s Conference on Children’s Mental Health, 2000).

Providers recognize that complex interactions between the varying physical, mental, and behavioral needs of a patient contribute to overall health—and are increasingly seeking to incorporate community and social service entities into the care continuum. However, decades of fragmentation have made it difficult for organizations to collect, integrate, and use the wealth of data necessary to deliv...