Status within social hierarchies has great effects on the lives of socially organized mammals. Its effects on human behavior and related physiology, however, is relatively little studied. The present study investigated the impact of military rank on fairness and behavior in relation to salivary cortisol (C) and testosterone (T) levels in male soldiers. For this purpose 180 members of the Austri...

Resource allocation in bandwidth-sharing networks is inherently complex: The distributed nature of resource allocation management prohibits global coordination for efficiency, i.e., aiming at full resource usage at all times. In addition, it is well recognized that resource efficiency may be conflicting with other critical performance measures such as flow delay. Without a notion of optimal (or...

OBJECTIVE With the aim of conducting a future cluster randomised trial to assess intervention impact on child vaccination coverage, we designed a pilot study to assess feasibility and aid in refining methods for the larger study. TRIAL DESIGN Cluster-randomised design with a 1:1 allocation ratio. METHODS Clusters were 12 villages in rural Uttar Pradesh. All women residing in a selected vill...

To control ever-increasing costs, global budget payment has gained attention but has unclear impacts on health care systems. We propose the CAP framework that helps navigate 3 domains of difficult design choices in global budget payment: Constraints in resources (capitation vs facility-based budgeting; hard vs soft budget constraints), Agent-principal in resource allocation (individual vs group...

Physiological management of migration-reproduction trade-offs in energy allocation often includes a package of adaptions referred to as the oogenesis-flight syndrome. In some species, this trade-off may be overestimated, because factors like flight behavior and environmental conditions may mitigate it. In this study, we examined the reproductive consequences induced by different flight scenario...

Hyperkinesis is associated with deficits of attention (poor allocation of attention resources, susceptibility to interference and perseveration); vigilance and perceptual sensitivity. Three boys aged 7-8 years with simple hyperkinesis were given cognitive tasks to improve the above functions in daily one hour sessions for a month. The children improved significantly in the above functions and b...

Conceptual aircraft design and the network routes that they travel on are inextricably linked to passenger driven demand. Decisions made in the acquisition and subsequent allocation of aircraft assets to serve chosen links translate to latent passenger observations of ticket pricing and routes served between origin-destination (OD) pairs. It is proposed that such latency gives rise to a reflexi...

This experiment investigates the social preferences and choices of economists and physicians for treating patients and compares the choices with those in a congruent neutrally framed allocation problem. The potential recipients differ with respect to their minimum needs as well as to their ability to profit from the receipt. Using the theoretical solutions, we classify the distributors as selfi...

green water and blue water; renewable and nonrenewable water resources; water allocation and water allocation

In behavioral economics terms, response allocation is viewed as an exchange between the price of and the demand for reinforcers associated with various responses. In this study, behavioral economics principles were used to develop and evaluate a treatment package that reduced destructive behavior to zero while communication and compliance were increased.