Abstract The present article investigates how begging performed by citizens of new EU-member states in Eastern Europe was debated parliaments Denmark, Sweden and Norway during the period 2007–2017. empirical analysis shows significant cross-country divergences: In efforts targeted controlling migration, either directly or indirectly, via various deterrence strategies. Sweden, emphasis rather on...

Very few studies have examined parent-offspring interactions from a quantitative genetic perspective. We used a cross-fostering design and measured genetic correlations and components of social selection arising from two parental and two offspring behaviors in the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides. Genetic correlations were assessed by examining behavior of relatives independent of common...

Hatching asynchrony in avian species often leads to the formation of a size hierarchy that places last-hatched nestlings at a significant disadvantage. The hatching muscle (musculus complexus) is responsible for breaking the shell during hatching and for dorsal flexion of the neck during begging. An increase in its strength in last-hatched nestlings could mitigate the effects of hatching asynch...