The abundance of horseshoe crab eggs in the swash zone and remaining on the beach after tide levels fall was evaluated to identify how numbers of eggs available to shorebirds differ with fluctuations in spawning numbers of horseshoe crabs, wave energies and beach elevation changes. Field data were gathered 1e6 June 2004 at Slaughter Beach on the west side of Delaware Bay, USA. Counts of spawnin...

Foraging behaviors of bottlenose dolphins vary within and among populations, but few studies attempt to address the causes of individual variation in foraging behavior. We examined how ecological, social, and developmental factors relate to the use of a rare foraging tactic by wild bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops sp. Gervais, 1855) in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Beach hunting involves partial a...

Reproductive Isolation in Sockeye Salmon The study of speciation has recently undergone a revival, with much controversy centering on whether new species can originate quickly and within the geographic range of their ancestor. Hendry et al. (1) described a case of reproductive isolation arising between two sockeye salmon populations in only 13 generations. If true, this finding would deserve co...

Although shoreface nourishments are an increasingly interesting option for coastal managers to counteract coastal erosion, their design is often highly empirical. A better understanding of the way shoreface nourishments interact with the initial beach profile may help to reduce the degree of empiricism in nourishment design. Literature study has shown that numerical modelling is commonly used t...

The existing concepts and modern methods of ensuring the ecological safety coastal zone sea were analyzed. article considers theoretical developments choosing design solutions for special structures – various protection (permeable, impermeable, made building materials, shapes). This paper suggests a new algorithm choice Bank intending to ensure environmentally friendly seaside state urban recre...

A letter e ∈ Σ is said to be neutral for a language L if it can be inserted and deleted at will in a word without affecting membership in L. The Crane-Beach Conjecture, which was recently disproved, stated that any language containing a neutral letter and definable in FO is in fact FO[<] definable and is thus a regular, star-free language. More generally, we say that a logic or a computational ...

Marine beach water quality is typically monitored in early morning once a week without respect to tidal condition. To assess the effect of tide on this public health warning system, we analyzed enterococci (ENT) data from 60 southern California marine beaches with differing geomorphology, orientation, and proximity to runoff sources. ENT concentrations during spring tides were significantly hig...

The majority of the touristic activities, especially in the Mediterranean countries, are concentrated around coastal areas, making coastal erosion, among others, a significant threat to coastal economies that depend heavily on revenue from tourism. In this paper a methodology for the estimation of the economic impact of beach erosion to tourism, is been described. Input about the conceptualizat...

Monitoring microbial water quality is essential for recreational beaches in order to protect human health. To evaluate the relative importance and impacts of various types of non-point microbial sources at a subtropical beach (Hobie Beach, Miami, USA), we utilized a coastal ocean circulation model (Delft3D) with a microbe transport-fate model. Those non-point sources include beach sediment, dog...

In order to better understand the nature of disturbances to wintering snowy plovers, I observed snowy plovers and activities that might disturb them at a beach near Devereux Slough in Santa Barbara, California, USA. Disturbance (activity that caused plovers to move or fly) to wintering populations of threatened western snowy plovers was 16 times higher at a public beach than at protected beache...