BACKGROUND The purpose of the study was to determine whether breast cancers (BCs) that develop in women previously irradiated for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are biologically similar to sporadic BC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the charts of patients who developed BC after radiotherapy (RT) for HL. Tumors were classified as ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) or invasive carcinoma....

The FDA Biopharmaceutical Classification System guidance allows waivers for in vivo bioavailability and bioequivalence studies for immediate-release solid oral dosage forms only for BCS class I. Extensions of the in vivo biowaiver for a number of drugs in BCS class III and BCS class II have been proposed, in particular, BCS class II weak acids. However, a discrepancy between the in vivo BE resu...

PURPOSE Intraoperative frozen-section analysis of the lumpect-omy margin during breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is an excellent method in obtaining a clear resection margin. This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of intraoperative circumferential frozen-section analysis (IOCFS) of lumpectomy margin during BCS for breast cancer, and to find factors that increase the conversion into maste...

BACKGROUND Low food availability leading to reductions in Body Condition Score (BCS; 0 indicates emaciation and 5 obesity) in sheep often coincides with low temperatures associated with the onset of winter in New Zealand. The ability to adapt to reductions in environmental temperature may be impaired in animals with low BCS, in particular during pregnancy when metabolic demand is higher. Here w...

We review what is different and what is similar in a color superconductor as compared to an ordinary BCS superconductor. The parametric dependence of the zero-temperature gap, φ0, on the coupling constant differs in QCD from that in BCS theory. On the other hand, the transition temperature to the superconducting phase, Tc, is related to the zero-temperature gap in the same way in QCD as in BCS ...

Body condition score (BCS) is a useful tool in assessing the energy status of dairy cattle. Previous research has shown that it is heritable and genetically correlated to reproductive performance. Currently, interest exists in developing selection indexes for fertility that include BCS information. Before such indexes are developed, it is important to assess the genetic covariance between BCS a...

Background and Purpose—Data are lacking on the differences in hemorrhagic stroke incidence between black Caribbean (BC), black African (BA), and white ethnic groups. We estimated the incidence for primary intracerebral hemorrhage (PICH) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and the associated risk factors for BCs, BAs, and whites. Methods—First-ever stroke patients were drawn from a prospective com...

OBJECTIVES Cancer is a growing concern for HIV-infected people, and screening plays a major role in alleviating the burden it causes. We sought to investigate the levels and determinants of breast cancer screening (BCS) and cervical cancer screening (CCS) in HIV-infected women as compared with the general population. METHODS The Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le Sida et les Hépatites Viral...

In this study, we analyze the role of several linguistic cues (prosodic units, pitch contours, discourse markers, morphological categories, and gaze direction) in French turntaking face-to-face interactions. Specifically, we investigate vocal and gestural backchannel signals (BCs) produced by a recipient to show his active listening. We show that some particular pitch contours and discursive ma...

BCS class II drugs pose challenging problems in their pharmaceutical product development process because of their low solubility and dissolution rates. They require enhancement in solubility and dissolution rate in their formulation development especially solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules. Several conventional methods and new emerging technologies have been developed for formulati...