The relationship between the water relations of six olive cultivars exposed to different soil temperatures (14 ± 0.1, 9.9 ± 0.1 and 5.8 ± 0.2°C) and their inherent frost resistance (as determined by two different methods) was investigated. Soil chilling was achieved by introducing pots of olive plants into water baths. The water relations of these plants were compared to those of plants kept un...

BACKGROUND/AIM Treatment of psoriasis is very complex and there are no still universal, nor unique treatment modalities. Apart from conventional treatment, which includes topical calcipotriol (vitamin D3 analogue), balneotherapy is drawing increased attention worldwide. Being part of climatotherapy, balneotherapy is defined as the use of natural environmental factors in the treatment of health ...

Pain in labor is a nearly universal experience for childbearing women. A recent evidence-based symposium on the nature and management of labor pain brought together family physicians, obstetricians, midwives, obstetric anesthesiologists, and childbirth educators to discuss a series of commissioned systematic reviews. Although management of labor pain plays a relatively minor role in a woman's s...

OBJECTIVE To compare selected effects of tub bathing versus traditional sponge bathing in healthy, term newborns and their mothers' ratings of pleasure and confidence with the bath. DESIGN Randomized controlled study. SETTING The maternity unit of an eastern Canadian hospital. PARTICIPANTS One hundred two mother-baby pairs were randomly assigned to an experimental tub bath or a sponge bat...

Urine formation by the Malpighian tubules of insects depends on an active transport of potassium (Ramsay, 1953, 1955; Berridge, 1967, 1968). However, potassium transport alone will not induce water transport unless it is accompanied by an anion. For example, if the chloride bathing the isolated tubules of Calliphora is replaced with a non-transportable anion such as sulphate, fluid transport ce...