Advances in drilling technologies and production strategies such as horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing have significantly improved the production of natural gas by stimulating fluid flow from wells. Since 2008, these technological developments have spurred exponential growth of gas well drilling across the U.S. While the new drilling for shale gas and hydraulic fracturing technologies...

Drilling mud is a dense, viscous fluid mixture used in oil and gas drilling operations to bring rock cuttings the earth's surface from boreholes as well lubricate cool drill bit. Water-based commonly due its relatively inexpensive easy dispose of. However, several components additives muds become increasingly cautious restricted. Starch was introduced safe biodegradable additive into water-base...

Unconventional gas includes tight sandstone gas, shale coalbed methane, and natural hydrate. With huge reserves, unconventional has become the most important resource successor after end of “Easy Oil era.” The drilling fluid is an indispensable wellbore working for with multiple functions. polymer (PDF) common, longest developed, diverse type. advantages easily controlled rheology, convenient o...

Ice coring of temperate and polythermal glaciers demonstrates some limitations of most electromechanical (EM) and thermal electric (TE) drills. Most TE drills are heavy, require a heavy power system, work slowly and cannot operate in boreholes going through the cold–temperate ice transition. Antifreeze thermal electric drills (ATED) are capable of operating in polar ice caps, polythermal and te...