Although over 180 freshwater fish species have been reported from Nepal, little is known of their ecology and distribution. This information needed because diversity may be threatened by developments like hydropower constructions. We conducted Nepal’s first environmental DNA (eDNA) based biodiversity assessment in two major river systems- Karnali River (KR), which still pristine Trishuli (TR) w...

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Effects of β-glucan on innate immune responses and survival were studied in pacu experimentally infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. Fish fed diets containing 0, 0.1% and 1% β-glucan were injected with A. hydrophila. β-glucan enhanced fish survival in both treated groups (26.7% and 21.2% of the control, respectively). Leukocyte respiratory burst and alternative complement pathway activities were...

The present study evaluated the assay to quantify the respiratory burst activity of blood leukocytes of pacu as an indicator of the innate immune system, using the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) to formazan as a measure of the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In order to assess the accuracy of the assay, fish were challenged by Aeromonas hydrophila and sampled one week aft...