Due to the increasing load in backpacks and other load carriage systems over the last decades, load carriage system designs have to be adapted accordingly to minimize discomfort and to reduce the risk of injury. As subject studies are labor-intensive and include further challenges such as intra-subject and inter-subject variability, we aimed to validate an instrumented dummy as an objective lab...

Forest pesticide applicators constitute a unique pesticide use group. Aerial, mechanical-ground, and focal weed control by application of herbicides, in particular chlorophenoxy herbicides, yield diverse exposure scenarios. In the present work, we analyzed aberrations in G-banded chromosomes, reproductive hormone levels, and polymerase chain reaction-based V(D)J rearrangement frequencies in app...

Anterior sterno-clavicular dislocation, or fracture dislocation, as a result of carrying a backpack has not previously been described. We describe two cases, and reflect on the factors that may have led to the injuries, noting that the current PLCE (personal load carrying equipment) may also increase the risk of this condition. The condition is one that carries a grading of U8 (unfit for servic...

Since the first description of the Chance fracture in 1948, there have been few case reports of unique mechanisms causing this classical flexion-extension injury to the spine in motor vehicle accidents, sports injury, and falls. To our knowledge, this injury has not been reported from a fall with the mechanistic forces acting laterally on the spine and with spinal support in place. We present a...

Architectural documenting is an essential requirement to identify the evidence of historical artefacts, be instrumental in their transmission future generations, and document destructions they have suffered. With photogrammetric methods recent years, a new perspective has been given survey investigations. The data obtained by 3D modelling can collected digital environment presented visually. Mo...