Multiple passages of light through an absorption inhomogeneity of finite size deep within a turbid medium are analyzed for optical imaging by use of the self-energy diagram. The nonlinear correction becomes more important for an inhomogeneity of a larger size and with greater contrast in absorption with respect to the host background. The nonlinear correction factor agrees well with that from M...

Semantic error detection and correction is an important task for applications such as fact checking, speech-to-text or grammatical error correction. Current approaches generally focus on relatively shallow semantics and do not account for numeric quantities. Our approach uses language models grounded in numbers within the text. Such groundings are easily achieved for recurrent neural language m...

Anestis Antoniadis∗ , Sophie Lambert-Lacroix and Frédérique Letué, Laboratoire IMAG-LMC, University Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France and Jérémie Bigot University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France. Abstract The objective of this paper is to contribute to the methodology available for extracting and analyzing signal content from protein mass spectrometry data. Data from MALDI-T...

Background Retrospective review of 62 consecutive patients affected by AIS (Lenke type 1 or 2) treated by posterior fusion with pedicle screw-only instrumentation. Three groups identified: Pre-Rod (direct derotation procedure done before inserting rods), Single-Rod (derotation done after concave rod insertion) Double-Rod (after both rods). The Pre-Rods insertion cases showed a significantly bet...

Background MOLLI [1] uses interleaved Look-Locker (LL) blocks for cardiac T1 mapping. Data is fit to the equation A-Bexp (-TI/T1*) to yield an “apparent” T1 (T1*), which is dependent on both the true T1 and imaging parameters. To estimate true T1, a “LL correction” T1est=(B/A-1) T1* [Eq. 1] has been proposed [1,2]. Although this correction can provide reasonable estimates of true T1, we are not...

Background and developments to date .................................................................................... 1 How OCR works ................................................................................................................ 4 Best Practice in the Use of OCR ........................................................................................... 6 Avoiding problems i...

background: although visual impairment of drivers is a very important risk factor for car accident, a few published papers have explored this issue in iran. this study aims to evaluate the visual fitness of public vehicle drivers in kerman province, southeast of iran. methods: a total of 4,003 public vehicle drivers were examined by one ophthalmologist for visual fitness in kerman province betw...

background: measurement of absolute or differential renal function using radiotracers plays an important role in the clinical management of various renal diseases. gamma camera quantitative methods in approximation of renal clearance may potentially be as accurate as plasma clearance methods. however some critical factors such as kidney depth and background counts are still troublesome in the u...

Precision in electron microprobe analysis is primarily a matter of counting statistics, and involves voltage, beam current, counting time, and geometric efficiency. Besides potential issues with dead-time correction and beam damage, counting statistics do not significantly affect the accuracy of major and minor element analyses. Accuracy chiefly depends on standards and matrix correction. Addit...

STUDY DESIGN Retrospective study. OBJECTIVE To study the behavior of the unfused thoracic curve in Lenke type 5C during the follow-up and to identify risk factors for its correction loss. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Few studies have focused on the spontaneous behaviors of the unfused thoracic curve after selective thoracolumbar or lumbar fusion during the follow-up and the risk factors for s...