Using bilateral trade data for 210 countries over the period 1948-2003, this paper attempts to shed some light on the relationship between the WTO and members' trade volatilities. We find that the trade among WTO members tends to be more stable than the trade outside the WTO, and there is strong evidence of interdependence of trade volatilities. The results show comovement of trade volatilities...

The goal of high-quality economic development proposed by China has defined the sustainable concepts innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing. Changes in strategies affect corresponding changes legal system. green patent system an important impact on development. This paper looks for evidence at level from three aspects application protection, licensing infringement relief, proves ...