Standard economic analysis assumes the sets of public and private goods to be exogenously given. Yet societies very often choose the public-private mix, using resources to convert seemingly private goods into ones with public goods characteristics and vice versa. And, in practice, we see a bewilderingly large variety of public-private mixes across societies. This papers advances an analysis of ...

Delivering electronic goods over the Internet is one of the e-commerce applications that will proliferate in the coming years. Certified e-goods delivery is a process where valuable e-goods are exchanged for an acknowledgement of their reception. This paper proposes an efficient security protocol for certified e-goods delivery with the following features: (1) it ensures strong fairness for the ...

I. VALUING THE COMMONS The failure of markets to allocate environmental public goods and handle externalities satisfactorily has long vexed economists. The tragedy of the commons stands in sharp rebuke to the idea that unsophisticated, privately organized markets work well enough to please Pareto. Since Paul Samuelson (1954) laid out the problem of efficient production of public goods in simple...

T he quantity theory of money, dating back at least to the mid-sixteenthcentury Spanish Scholastic writers of the Salamanca School, is one of the oldest theories in economics. Modern students know it as the proposition stating that an exogenously given one-time change in the stock of money has no lasting effect on real variables but leads ultimately to a proportionate change in the money price ...

We present a solution for the automatic detection and classification of dangerous goods on trucks. Dangerous goods are labeled by an orange dangerous goods plate and/or a dangerous goods symbol sign. The acquisition system consists of a camera and dedicated illumination setup. A computer vision system processes the images by localizing and reading the dangerous goods number. The proposed system...

W study markets for information goods and find that they differ significantly from markets for traditional industrial goods. Markets for information goods in which products are vertically differentiated lack the segmentation inherent in markets for industrial goods. As a result, a monopoly will offer only a single product. Competition leads to highly concentrated information-good markets, with ...

A number of attitudinal expressions are identified and analyzed using dependency based syntactic analysis. A claim is made that attitudinal loading of lexical items is dynamic rather than lexical and that attitudinal loading of individual lexical items is acquired through their use in attitudinally loaded structures.