This paper explains the development of affiliative ethnic identity: an individual identity rooted in knowledge, regular consumption and deployment of an ethnic culture that is unconnected to an individual’s ethnic ancestry until that individual regards herself, and may be regarded by others, as an affiliate of a particular ethnic group. While ethnic culture remains identifiably linked to a part...

the human leukocyte antigen has become a key component in investigating the genetic relationships between populations. the aim of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of hla class i and ii alleles among zaboli ethnic group of south-east iran to establish a database for further investigations on ancestry and the genetic factors contributing to complex diseases in this region. unrela...

BACKGROUND Recent research has identified the use of caffeinated energy drinks as a common, potentially risky behavior among college students that is linked to alcohol misuse and consequences. Research also suggests that energy drink consumption is related to other risky behaviors such as tobacco use, marijuana use and risky sexual activity. OBJECTIVE This research sought to examine the assoc...

This literature review examines the changing roles of ethnic enclaves, the question of their authenticity, and their value as commodified spaces, giving special attention to Little Italy neighborhoods in the United States. Understanding the roles of ethnic enclaves requires some understanding about immigrants' identities. For some theorists, immigrants become blended into society over the cours...

objective(s): breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. every year, one million new cases are reported worldwide, representing 18% of the total number of cancer in women. hereditary brca1 and brca2 mutations account for about 60% of inherited breast cancer and are the only known causes of hereditary breast cancer syndrome. the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of brca2 (e...

Background: The variable numbers of tandem-repeat (VNTR) alleles at the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene have been used in carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis in phenylketonuria families. This study was carried out to analyze VNTR alleles at the PAH gene in Iranian Azeri Turkish population. Methods: In this study, 200 alleles from general population were studied by PCR. Results: The fr...

BACKGROUND Prior literature has shown that ethnic affirmation, one aspect of ethnic identity, is positively associated with mental health. However, the associations between ethnic affirmation and mental health may vary depending how much importance individuals place on their ethnic group membership (ie, centrality). METHODS Using path analysis, the current study examined the relations between...

Country and ethnic group differences on adjustment have been demonstrated numerous times, and the source of these differences has been typically interpreted as cultural. We report two studies in which country (Study 1) and ethnic group (Study 2) differences on depression, anxiety, optimism versus pessimism, well-being, and self-esteem are mediated by dispositional traits. These findings provide...

Last year, we devoted two issues on the multi-dimensional aspect of poverty. How to measure such dimensions such as shame or dignified employment? How to choose the relevant dimensions in given context? This Maitreyee goes further and explores the relational aspect associated with each dimension of poverty. If a person is treated with humiliation when seeking health care in a public hospital be...