The central recirculation zone (CRZ) in a swirl stabilized gas turbine combustor has a dominant effect on the fuel air mixing process and flame stability. Most of state of the art swirlers share one disadvantage; the fixed swirl number for the same swirler configuration. Thus, in a mathematical sense, Reynolds number becomes the sole parameter for controlling the flow characteristics inside the...

Nutrient transport limitation remains a fundamental issue for in vitro culture of engineered tissues. In this study, perfusion bioreactor configurations were investigated to provide uniform delivery of oxygen to media equivalents (MEs) being developed as the basis for tissue-engineered arteries. Bioreactor configurations were developed to evaluate oxygen delivery associated with complete transm...

J. C. Li and P. H. Diamond CMTFO and CASS, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, USA Abstract Negative compressibility ITG turbulence in a linear plasma device (CSDX) can induce a negative viscosity increment. However, even with this negative increment, we show that the total axial viscosity remains positive definite, i.e. no intrinsic axial flow can be generated by pure ITG tu...

In the proximal tubule of the kidney, Na(+) and HCO(3)(-) reabsorption vary proportionally with changes in axial flow rate. This feature is a critical component of glomerulotubular balance, but the basic mechanism by which the tubule epithelial cells sense axial flow remains unexplained. We propose that the microvilli, which constitute the brush border, are physically suitable to act as a mecha...