Radiant spring frosts occurring during reproductive developmental stages can result in catastrophic yield loss for wheat producers. To better understand the spatial and temporal variability of frost, the occurrence and impact of frost events on rain-fed wheat production was estimated across the Australian wheatbelt for 1957-2013 using a 0.05 ° gridded weather data set. Simulated yield outcomes ...

                The value of frost tolerance in wheat is increased with decreasing the temperature in late autumn and/or early winter (phase I, acclimation), then shows plateau state for a period with the coldest temperature (II), finally appears to decrease with warming the temperature (III, de-acclimation). This study was aimed to determine the threshold frost hardiness in wheat for avoiding ...

fridges are used in various industries, and heat exchanger is one of the main components of these systems; therefore, efficiency analysis of these systems is very important. in many fridges, frost over the heat exchanger tubes or pipes affects the system operation and reduces heat transfer between the refrigerant and ambient, so defrosting systems are usually used to enhance heat transfer. desi...

Freezing stress is one of the most important limiting factors determining the ecological distribution and production of tree species. Assessment of frost risk is, therefore, critical for forestry, fruit production, and horticulture. Frost risk is substantial when hazard (i.e., exposure to damaging freezing temperatures) intersects with vulnerability (i.e., frost sensitivity). Based on a large n...

We present model studies with the one-dimensional model MISTRA to investigate the potential role of frost flowers, recycling on snow, and open leads in the depletion of tropospheric ozone in the Arctic spring. In our model, we assumed frost flower aerosols to be the major source of bromine. We show that a major ozone depletion event can be satisfactorily reproduced only if the recycling on snow...

Extreme climate events have a greater impact on natural and human systems than average climate. The spatial temporal variation of 16 temperature nine precipitation extremal indices was investigated using the daily maximum minimum surface air records from 113 meteorological stations in China’s arid regions 1960 to 2016. warmth [warm spell duration (WSDI); numbers warm nights, days, tropical nigh...

The variation in the frost structure on a number of microgrooved brass surfaces is examined through an experimental study. The microgrooved samples are 45 mm x 45 mm in dimension with a broad range of groove dimensions. Frost is grown on these microgrooved surfaces under natural convection for a range of plate temperature (-8 to -18 C) and relative humidity (30-70%) conditions. The frost struct...

Frost deposits on the outdoor heat exchanger of an air source pump (ASHP) conditioner and reduces its capacity during winter operation. However, prevailing reverse-cycle defrosting (RCD) turns indoor into evaporator ceases supply to living space. Consequently, thermal comfort for occupants is deteriorated. This article proposes a heater-assisted ASHP tackle this problem. With 800 W electromagne...