Poverty and its etiology have been major subjects of concern for the social work profession throughout its history. This study focused on four causal attributions for poverty: social-structural, motivational, psychological, and fatalistic. More specifically, it examined the differences between social workers' and service users' perceptions of the causes of poverty. Participants were 401 service...

This study focused on hurtful messages daughters-in-law (DILs, N = 132) reported receiving from mothers-in-law (MILs). Results reveal various hurtful message types: underand overinvolvement, personal attacks, and hurt communicated to or through a third party. Grounded in attribution theory, we examined DILs’ attributions for MILs’ hurtful messages and their perceived agreement with their husban...

A review of the evidence for and against the proposition that self-serving biases affect attributions of causality indicated that there is little empirical support for the proposition in its most general form. The literature provides some support for the contention that individuals engage in self-enhancing attributions under conditions of success, but only minimal evidence was found to suggest ...

The attributions and responses of aggressive and nonaggressive boys to ambiguously intended actions of friends and nonfriends were examined. Thirty-seven aggressive and 37 nonaggressive thirdand fifth-grade boys were presented with descriptions of encounters between peers in which one child experienced a negative outcome as the result of the ambiguously intended actions of another. Neither aggr...

The authors investigated male juvenile delinquents' causal attributions about others' behavior and the salient pieces of information that the male juveniles used in arriving at their attributions. Participants were 82 male juvenile offenders whom the authors drew randomly from the population of juveniles who were incarcerated at a correctional facility. A concurrent mixed-methodological analysi...

This paper offers a novel conversational implicature account of the pragmatic sensitivity of knowledge attributions. Developing an account I first suggested elsewhere (Locke, Inquiry 57:28–54, 2014b) and independently proposed by Lutz (in Synthese 191:1717–1740, 2014), this paper explores the idea that the relevant implicatures are generated by a constitutive relationship between believing a pr...

Leadership perception is based on (a) a recognition-based process that involves categorization of leaders characteristics into relevant stereotypes; and (b) an inference-based process that involves making attributions for leaders characteristics based on outcomes of salient events (Lord & Maher, 1993). The present study examined the interactive effects of these two alternative processes of lead...

The role of semantic content in the expression of, and disagreement over, emotional values Isidora Stojanovic, Institut Jean-Nicod – CNRS – ENS – EHESS Abstract When we describe an event as sad or happy, we attribute to it a certain emotional value. Attributions of emotional value depend essentially on an agent (and on his or her emotional responses); and yet, people readily disagree over such ...

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE The experiment determined first whether visible markers of brain injury shape judgements of severity of injury and time since injury; and secondly whether these two judgements predict attributions for undesirable actions performed by an adolescent with brain-injury. RESEARCH DESIGN Scenarios presented a photograph of an adolescent, in one condition with a head scar and in a ...

BACKGROUND Schizophrenia patients show disturbances on a range of tasks that assess mentalizing or 'Theory of Mind' (ToM). However, these tasks are often developmentally inappropriate, make large demands on verbal abilities and explicit problem-solving skills, and involve after-the-fact reflection as opposed to spontaneous mentalizing. METHOD To address these limitations, 55 clinically stable...