Geçmişi tarihin en eski dönemlerine kadar uzanan kölelik kurumu İslam hukuku içerisinde de kendisine yer bulmuş, bu doğrultuda bir devleti olan Osmanlı Devleti’nde varlığını devam ettirmiştir. Kendisinden önceki döneme kıyasla kurumunun şartlarını önemli oranda iyileştiren kurallarına Devleti sadık kalmış, köleliğe geçiş ve kölelikten çıkış da hukukunun öngördüğü şekilde uygulamada hayat bulmuş...

BACKGROUND The causes of death have changed with regard to the epidemiological and demographic events in society. There is no evidence of prior research into the epidemiological transition in Turkey. This transition in Turkey should be observed starting with the Ottoman Empire period (19th to early 20th century). However, information about the Ottoman Empire is quite limited. AIMS To discuss ...

Although the history of modern medical reforms in nineteenth-century Egypt has received considerable attention from historians and scholars, the history of medicine when the country was under Ottoman rule from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century, is still largely unexplored.1 In the opinion of many scholars this was a time when the medical sciences in Egypt declined, qualified learned physi...

The presence of Catholic communities in Istanbul date back to the pre-Ottoman period, and their number increased Ottoman economic political context. Even though Levantines have been subject numerous popular history works, we can observe a relatively smaller academic interest issue. This article is review recent book on Croatian pre-modern modern penned by an historian from fresh perspective.

This study examines the impact of French Revolution on Convergence Ottoman-British politics in period from 1789 to 1815. where it reviews status both Ottoman Empire and state that period, showing nature development relations arose between two parties. The importance lies its attempt address political developments contributed fluctuation mutual Britain during period. aimed shed light role policy...

following the death of nader shah afshar, the province of kurdistan, with sanandaj being the capital, ruled by the local influential dynasty of ardalan, underwent a severe power struggle triggered by pretenders to the government of iran, just as many other provinces experienced a similar power struggle. in addition, the strategic location of kurdistan as the closest neighboring province of otto...

Malocclusion is a well-known phenomenon since antiquity. Previous studies found an increase in malocclusion the modern population. This study was undertaken to assess frequency and severity of malocclusions sample ancient skulls compare these findings with sample, using same examination protocol. The archaeological comprised 63 from Dor, northern Israel, dated 16th–19th centuries. Skull perform...

The Health Status Indicators (HSIs) were developed as part of the Healthy People 2000 process to facilitate the comparison of health status measures at national, State and local levels. In this report, the number of HSIs where the national target has been attained and the number of HSIs that have improved significantly are enumerated for the United States, the District of Columbia, and each Sta...