We experimentally showed that biological molecular motor F$_1$-ATPase (F$_1$) implements an optimal rectification mechanism. F$_1$ hardly suppresses adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, which is the F$_1$'s physiological role while inhibiting unfavorable hydrolysis of ATP. This a high contrast to simple ratchet model, where inhibition backward current inevitably accompanied by suppression fo...

Automated Theorem Proving (ATP) systems search for aproof in a rapidly growing space of possibilities. Heuristicshave profound impact on search, and ATP makeheavy use heuristics. This work uses reinforcement learn-ing to learn metaheuristic that decides which heuristic useat each step proof the E system. Proximalpolicy optimization is used dynamically select heuristicfrom fixed set, based curre...

Allosteric inhibitors of Abl kinase are being explored in the clinic, often combination with ATP-site kinase. However, there conflicting data on whether both ATP-competitive and myristoyl-site allosteric can simultaneously bind Here, we determine is synergy or antagonism between Abl. We observe that clinical not synergistic ABL inhibitors, however, conformation-selective modulate global conform...

conclusions probable mechanism of suppression of energy generation is suppression of the rise in glucose. results listeria monocytogenes was controlled using 2 mm of osthole. treatment of l. monocytogenes by 2 mm osthole had no effect on the atp level. objectives osthole has antibacterial properties, but its mechanisms of action is still unknown. materials and methods two millimoles of osthole ...

Abstract Background The oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) that takes place in the mitochondria produces chemical energy form of ATP, main source heart. Proper mitochondrial function determines contractility Changes myocardial ATP levels are often associated with cardiovascular disease. However, dysfunction remains an unmet therapeutic challenge. F1FO ATP-synthase protein complex catalyses last...