the aim of this study was to identify the relationship between sport motivation and athletic burnout in male soccer players participating in the 12th universiade in iran. the research method was descriptive/correlational method. 160 players who were members of soccer teams of universities completed these 2 questionnaires: 1- sport motivation scale (sms) by pelletier et al. (1995) with 24 items ...

Engineered design of compression athletic wear has been selectively applied in various recognized Olympic sports and popular recreational activities. This recent development is, as one type of additional body-behavioural support, protection and adjustment, plays a crucial role, in improving the athletes’ performances. Typically, this is accomplished by providing engineered design support, press...

Over the past decade and a half there has been a slow, yet steady introduction of DNS into the world of athletic rehabilitation and performance development. Where implemented the approach has led to a reduction in injury occurrence, decreased recovery time, and increased performance markers. These markers alone have not been sufficient to greatly increase the application of the approach in an a...

Hope is the sum of goal thoughts as tapped by pathways and agency. Pathways reflect the perceived capability to produce goal routes; agency reflects the perception that one can initiate action along these pathways. Using trait and state hope scales, studies explored hope in college student athletes. In Study 1, male and female athletes were higher in trait hope than nonathletes; moreover, hope ...

background due to the fundamental role of gripping in most upper limb activities, grip strength promotion is a chief goal in the treatment of patients with upper limb musculoskeletal disorders. kinesio taping is a novel and effective therapeutic technique believed to facilitate muscle contraction through stimulating mechanoreceptors and increasing the sensory feedback around the taped region. o...

abstract background: athletes’ recovery is important in improving their performance. nutritional strategies can be effective in enhancing recovery rate. choosing the best food items in appropriate intervals can play effective roles in resynthesis of fuels and recovery of muscle injury. beverage micro and macronutrient content are helpful in fuel restoration. in this study, we assess the effects...

The purpose of this study was to examine sex differences in immune variables and upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) incidence in 18-35 year-old athletes engaged in endurance-based physical activity during the winter months. Eighty physically active individuals (46 males, 34 females) provided resting venous blood samples for determination of differential leukocyte counts, lymphocyte subset...

Since instating Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, there has been a significant increase in sports participation and athletic opportunities among women (1). While it is still more common for younger than older women to engage in athletic competition, the participation of older women is growing, with over 50 countries sponsoring master athletes events (2). While aging is associated wi...

Recent research has analyzed the genetic factors that influence world-class athletic status. Much of what we know comes from association studies, with the ACE I/D and ACTN3 R577X polymorphisms having been extensively studied. The association between the ACTN3 R577X variation and elite athlete status in power sports is strongly documented, yet whether the current body of knowledge on other varia...