| In most commercial and legal transactions, the ability to hold individuals or organizations accountable for transactions is important. Hence, electronic protocols that implement commercial transactions must be designed to provide adequate accountability assurances for transacting parties. Without such assurances, electronic transactions can be susceptible to disputes. Currently, protocol desi...

The Russian government has claimed that the Western powers promised at end of Cold War not to expand NATO, but later reneged on promise. Most former officials in West, and many scholars as well, have denied this was case; other scholars, along with a handful officials, believe promises effect were, fact, made 1990. So who is right? question still political importance: how it answered bearing we...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to examine the experiences of radiation oncology applicants and to evaluate the prevalence of behaviors that may be in conflict with established ethical standards. METHODS AND MATERIALS An anonymous survey was sent to all 2013 applicants to a single domestic radiation oncology residency program through the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP). Questions ...

OBJECTIVES We aimed to (1) evaluate the extent to which doctors in New Zealand would be willing to answer honestly questions about their care of patients at the end of their lives and (2) identify the assurances that would encourage this. Results were compared with findings from a previous pilot study from the UK. DESIGN Survey study involving a mailed questionnaire. SETTING New Zealand hos...

The wide scale adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) will require that AI engineers and developers can provide assurances to the user base an algorithm perform as intended without failure. Assurance is safety valve for reliable, dependable, explainable, fair intelligent systems. assurance provides necessary tools enable into applications, software, hardware, complex involves quantifying capa...

Collective perceptions of harm and impropriety channel the evolution capitalism, as shown by research on moral boundaries markets. But how are perceived when harms distant observers face competing claims from advocacy organizations corporations? These conditions particularly salient in global supply chains, where private voluntary initiatives have been formed to address labor exploitation envir...

My recent research on an early female bhakti saint brought to the fore differences between her perspective as represented in poetry attributed and medieval biographer’s representation of concerns. Through that study, widespread academic use scholarship traditional biographies interpret saints became especially visible problematic me. In this experimental essay, I consider what patterns we might...

In this paper, we compute finite sample bounds for data-driven approximations of the solution to stochastic reachability problems. Our approach uses a nonparametric technique known as kernel distribution embeddings, and provides probabilistic assurances safety systems in model-free manner. By implicitly embedding Markov control process reproducing Hilbert space, can approximate probabilities wi...

Continuous service certification (CSC) recently emerged as a promising means to provide ongoing assurances and disrupt pertinent approaches. CSC involves the consistent gathering assessing of certification-relevant data by authorities about operation validate adherence criteria. While research on is increasing, practitioners still struggle in transferring researchers' suggestions guidelines int...