The interference constraints of genetic spectrum assignment model in cognitive radio networks are analyzed in this paper. An improved genetic spectrum assignment model is proposed. The population of genetic algorithm is divided into two sets, the feasible spectrum assignment strategies and the randomly updated spectrum assignment strategies. The penalty function is added to the utility function...

We present a pin-assignment algorithm based on a new multi-layer chip-level global router. Combining pin assignment and global routing has been an important approach for the pin-assignment problem. But there are many difficulties when combining the two processes. In the past, only specialized global routing methods were used in the combined process. In our pin assignment program, we use an actu...

Suppose G = (S; T; E) is a bipartite graph, where (S; T) is a bipartition of the vertex set. A-assignment is an edge set X E such that deg X (i) = 1 for all i 2 S. The cardinality-assignment problem is to nd a-assignment X which minimizes (X) = max j2T deg X (j). Suppose we associate every edge with a weight which is a real number. The bottleneck-assignment problem is to nd a-assignment X that ...