Pulmonary sarcoidosis and hypersensitivity pneumonitis are two disease entities that may have similar clinical, laboratory, and pathological features. A low index of suspicion for hypersensitivity pneumonitis combined with the overlapping features contribute to the difficulty of distinguishing the two diseases. Indeed, two case series suggest that four of 51 and two of 46 subjects originally di...

Lupus pneumonitis carries high mortality and is a rare manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, it is difficult to diagnose and is often mistaken as pneumonia, alveolar haemorrhage, or organizing pneumonia. Previous studies demonstrated that serum anti-Ro antibodies are elevated more frequently in SLE patients with pneumonitis than in those without. We report a 21-year-old ...

End-stage sarcoidosis is typically characterised by severe interstitial fibrosis occurring along the bronchovascular bundles with cystic changes [1, 2]. Chronic interstitial pneumonitis typically occurs in the early stages of sarcoidosis and is localised to the areas affected by granulomas [3–5]. Herein, we report end-stage sarcoidosis patients who underwent lung transplantation at our centre (...

OBJECTIVES Report a case of sirolimus induced granulomatous pneumonitis. BACKGROUND Sirolimus is used in clinical transplantation as an immunosuppressive agent. Pulmonary toxicity does occur, but only a few cases of sirolimus associated granulomatous interstitial pneumonitis have been reported. METHODS Case report and literature review. RESULTS This 53-year-old woman with ESRD from polycy...

Nongranulomatous, nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis was a predominating or prominent histopathologic finding in 62 percent of 128 granuloma-containing specimens from open lung biopsies obtained from patients with sarcoidosis. Data from this study, combined with observations by others on the evolution of experimentally induced granulomas, indicate that interstitial pneumonitis represents a ve...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW To bring readers up to date on recent reports, both clinical and basic understanding, on hypersensitivity pneumonitis. RECENT FINDINGS Although many antigens and environmental settings have already been described as sources of this hyperimmune pulmonary disease, the literature continues to bring forth other conditions that can cause hypersensitivity pneumonitis. We also high...

The benefits of surfactant replacement therapy for neona-tal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) have been well documented in several randomised trials, and this treatment is now part of routine clinical management of babies with immature lungs. Meta-analysis of data from a large number of babies treated in controlled trials has confirmed lower mortality and reduced incidence of complications ,...

TOPIC: Chest Infections TYPE: Medical Student/Resident Case Reports INTRODUCTION: Heartburn is notorious for causing a chronic cough that produces negative pulmonary workup. In severe gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) the stakes are higher, with complications aspiration pneumonia and chemical pneumonitis leading to interstitial lung (ILD). We present case reversed clinical picture - clinic...