Although the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche has been an active area of study, the concept of the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) harboring a niche for solid metastatic tumor cells has only recently been considered. The HSC niche and microenvironment that is thought to constitute the solid tumor niche share many of the same structural and functional components, suggesting the possibility...

Micro size craters were created by interaction of nanosecond laser beam with titanium target in liquid media. The dimension of crater i.e. depth and width is important in some applications such as micromachining. When the interaction occurs in liquid environment, the ablated materials from the target expand into the liquid. The ablated material can affect the interaction process if the ablated ...

human was created from both the natural and spiritual dimensions and has multimodal functions (e.g., cognitive, behavioral, affective, sensation, interpersonal relationship, and etc.). having one-dimensional impression in life would provide anxiety predisposition for man, but then having an integrated and monotheistic view would result in an assimilated psychological discipline for him/her. the...

Food webs-networks of predators and prey-have long been known to exhibit "intervality": species can generally be ordered along a single axis in such a way that the prey of any given predator tend to lie on unbroken compact intervals. Although the meaning of this axis-usually identified with a "niche" dimension-has remained a mystery, it is assumed to lie at the basis of the highly non-trivial s...

aim and background: alexithymia or emotional inhibition is an important risk factor for psychosomatic disorders such as gastrointestinal disorders. the aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the dimensions of alexithymia with depression and anxiety in patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (fgid). methods and materials: in a descriptive-correlation study, 129 pat...

With an ever-increasing number of briefer interactions with a larger number of different “things”, innovative perspectives on authentication could be helpful. Ideally, authentication solutions are designed to balance requirements of security with those of usability, with the latter including cognitive ability for choosing credentials such as passwords, and memorability of those credentials. Som...

This "Commentary" has examined the use of human stem cells for detection of toxicities of physical, chemical, and biological toxins/toxicants in response to the challenge posed by the NRC Report, "Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century: A vision and Strategy." Before widespread application of the use of human embryonic, pluripotent, "iPS," or adult stem cells be considered, the basic characteriza...