Benign hemangiomas and vascular malformations are the most common tumor of infants and children [1]. Skull involvement is rare compared with soft-tissue involvement. A plethora of classifications applied to these lesions has led to an imperfect and suboptimal understanding of them. Burrows et al. [2] describe angiographic differences between hemangiomas and vascular malformations that corrobora...

BACKGROUND Pulmonary first pass filtration of particles marginally exceeding ∼7 µm (the size of a red blood cell) is used routinely in diagnostics, and allows cellular aggregates forming or entering the circulation in the preceding cardiac cycle to lodge safely in pulmonary capillaries/arterioles. Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations compromise capillary bed filtration, and are commonly associ...

INTRODUCTION Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) of the brain have a low prevalence but are responsible for a significant component of visual pathology in the young population. Vascular studies using selective angiography are necessary to identify arterial connections and venous drainage, and provide useful information for planning treatment. CLINICAL CASE A 10-year-old child with a temporo-occ...

The anterior choroidal artery is commonly recruited to supply arteriovenous malformations in the temporal lobe, basal ganglia, lateral ventricle, and internal capsule. Embolization of this artery is theoretically hazardous owing to its supply to important motor territory, relative lack of collaterals, and small caliber. However, this procedure can be a beneficial adjunct to surgery or radiation...

Extracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are complex vascular malformations to diagnose and treat. They are comprised of congenitally derived arteriovenous shunts with chronic vascular expansion, collateralization, and infiltration of local tissue. Their cause remains unclear, but new genetic and molecular clues are emerging. They may present at any age following an early quiescent perio...

An arteriovenous malformation is an anomaly of capillary development that results in a direct connection between branches of an artery and veins, with no intervening capillary network. Vascular malformations of the mediastinum presenting as mediastinal masses are very rare. We report a histologically proven case of a posterior mediastinal arteriovenous malformation in a 42-year-old man that was...

Dural arteriovenous malformations (A VMs) are a rare entity, accounting for 10%-15% of cranial AVMs. Sporadic reports of spontaneous regression of these arteriovenous shunts have appeared in the literature and support this event. However, the mechanism of regression has to date only been speculative. We report a case of spontaneous disappearance of an arteriovenous fistula in the middle ear ass...

OWR is a genetic disease, transmitted as an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by arteriovenous malformations predominantly involving the mucocutaneous epithelium. One of the significant complications is the development of arteriovenous fistulas in different organs like the liver and brain. One of the rarest complications of this arteriovenous conduit is a high-output heart failure. We w...

Seventeen patients with an intracranial arteriovenous malformation were studied with positron emission tomography. Cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood volume, oxygen extraction fraction, and glucose and oxygen metabolism were evaluated in both hemispheres, excluding the area of the malformation itself. Patients were divided into three groups according to the size of their malformation, and resu...