The Infrared Difference Dust Index (IDDI) is a satellite dust product designed for climatological applications, designed specifically for dust remote sensing in arid regions such as the Sahel and Sahara. It is based on the atmospheric response to dust, extracted from midday Meteosat-IR imagery, and takes advantage of the impact of dust aerosols on the thermal infra-red radiance outgoing to spac...

100-150 words) Remote sensing methods for locating and monitoring temporary ponds over large areas in arid lands were tested on a study site in Northern Senegal. Three main results are presented, validated with field data and intended to highlight different spectral, spatial and temporal characteristics of the methods: 1) Among several water indices tested, two Middle InfraRed-based indices (MN...

Since 1990 the project ‘Climate Change in the Arid Andes’ has been focusing on past climate and environmental conditions in the high mountain range of the north Chilean Andes (18 S– 28 S). The extreme aridity of this region is shown by the absence of glaciers, even at the highest altitudes above 6700 m a.s.l. More knowledge of the present climatic situation is needed to interpret the proxy data...

Halite (NaCl) and gypsum or anhydrite (CaSO4) are water-soluble minerals found in soils of the driest regions of Earth, and only modest attention has been given to the hydrological processes that distribute these salts vertically in soil profiles. The two most notable chloride and sulfate-rich deserts on earth are the Dry Valleys of Antarctica and the Atacama Desert of Chile. While each is hype...

nowadays green house gases such as carbon have the most effect on global climate changes that can be decreased by plant and soil carbon sequestration of rangelands. livestock grazing has high potential to decrease or increase carbon storage. so this research investigated the effects of enclosure on plant carbon storage in rangeland of enclosure (shah tappeh-chah mahmood) and no enclosure (chiro...

OBJECTIVES To study and document the mandibular angle of Nigerians from the north eastern arid zone, and investigate its role as an anthropological parameter for racial and or population groups differential diagnosis, its utilization in laryngoscopy and for successful inferior alveolar nerve anesthesia. DESIGN A cross sectional study. SETTING Department of Anatomy, College of Medical Scienc...

1. Definitions 1.1. Types of Aridity 1.2. Levels of Aridity 2. Paleoperspective 3. People and Land Use in Arid Lands 3.1. Foragers/Hunter–gatherers 3.2. Agriculturists 3.3. Pastoralists 4. Geomorphology of Arid and Semiarid Lands 5. Biological Diversity in Arid Lands 5.1. Arid and Semiarid Lands Plants and their Uses 5.2. The Future of the Conservation of Wild Plants in Arid Regions 6. Climatic...

Article history: One difficulty with reconst Received 16 February 2008 Received in revised form 24 August 2008 Accepted 1 September 2008