The embryonic arches develop in the fourth and fifth gestational weeks with the corresponding pharyngeal arch arteries connecting the aortic sac with the dorsal aorta. The fourth arch forms the aorta; the left sixth arch forms the left pulmonary artery and duct. The fifth aortic arch is a transient developmental structure in humans as there is no 5th pharyngeal arch; indeed, its existence has, ...

OBJECTIVE Implants are being used in orthodontics as a reliable mode of anchorage. Among other factors, the cortical bone thickness plays a major role in determining the stability of these implants. The objective of this study was to study the relationship of various arch forms and the cortical bone thickness and to determine if the cortical bone thickness varies between various arch forms. Thi...

Overexpression of Hoxa2 in the chick first branchial arch leads to a transformation of first arch cartilages, such as Meckel's and the quadrate, into second arch elements, such as the tongue skeleton. These duplicated elements are fused to the original in a similar manner to that seen in the Hoxa2 knockout, where the reverse transformation of second to first arch morphology is observed. This co...

AIMS To investigate the role of the geometry of the aortic arch in resting hypertension after successful repair of coarctation (CoA). METHODS AND RESULTS 105 patients (15.3+/-6 years) with successful repair of aortic CoA underwent blood pressure (BP) measurements at rest and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the aortic arch and left ventricle. Three categories of aortic arch shape were defi...

A headed reinforcing bar is a new type of reinforcement with a T-shaped anchor connected to the end of a reinforcing bar. Conceptually, the bar is usually a tension member or compression one depending on structural engineering applications. The T-shaped anchor, referred to as head in the rest of this report is a relatively stiff steel "plate" in terms of its structural behavior. When embedded i...

1890 1. Die SehstSrungen nach Verletzung der Grosshimrinde. Nach Versuchen am Hunde. I, Arch. ges. Physiol., 1884, xxxiv, 67-114. 2. Die Sehst6rungen nach Verletzung der Grosshirnrinde. Nach Versuchen am Hunde. II. Die Natur der Sehst6rungen, Arch. ges. Physiol., 1884, xxxiv, 115-172. 3. Die elementaren St6rungen einfacher Funktionen nach oberfl~chlicher, umschriebener Verletzung des Grosshirns...

BACKGROUND In total arch repair with open placement of a triple-branched stent graft for acute type A aortic dissection, the diameters of the native arch vessels and the distances between 2 neighboring arch vessels did not always match the available sizes of the triple-branched stent grafts, and insertion of the triple-branched stent graft through the distal ascending aortic incision was not ea...

BACKGROUND Bar code technology has decreased transcription errors in many healthcare applications. However, we have found that linear bar code identification methods are not failsafe. In this study, we sought to identify the sources of bar code decoding errors that generated incorrect patient identifiers when bar codes were scanned for point-of-care glucose testing and to develop solutions to p...