The architectural complexity of the hepatocyte canalicular surface has prevented examination of apical membrane dynamics with methods used for other epithelial cells. By adopting a pharmacological approach, we have documented for the first time the internalization of membrane proteins from the hepatic apical surface. Treatment of hepatocytes or WIF-B cells with phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibit...

The measurement of wellbore annulus gas-liquid two-phase flow in CBM (coalbed methane) wells is of great significance for reasonably developing gas drainage and extraction processes, estimating CBM output, judging the operating conditions of CBM wells and analyzing stratum conditions. Hence, a specially designed sensor is urgently needed for real-time measurement of gas-liquid two-phase flow in...

PURPOSE The objective of this in-vitro study was to measure and compare microleakage around preventive resin restorations prepared conventionally or with air abrasion, in the presence or absence of acid etching. METHODS One hundred extracted human non carious molars were assigned to each of four groups. Group A: fissures opened with a high speed handpiece, etched, and restored with composite ...

The transient receptor potential channel TRPC3 is exclusively expressed in the apical membrane of principal cells of the collecting duct (CD) both in vivo and in the mouse CD cell line IMCD-3. Previous studies revealed that ATP-induced apical-to-basolateral transepithelial Ca(2+) flux across IMCD-3 monolayers is increased by overexpression of TRPC3 and attenuated by a dominant negative TRPC3 co...

Development in higher plants is characterized by the reiterative formation of lateral organs from the flanks of shoot apical meristems. Because organs are produced continuously throughout the life cycle, the shoot apical meristem must maintain a pluripotent stem cell population. These two tasks are accomplished within separate functional domains of the apical meristem. These functional domains ...

Invagination of organ placodes converts flat epithelia into three-dimensional organs. Cell tracing in the Drosophila tracheal placode revealed that, in the 30-minute period before invagination, cells enter mitotic quiescence and form short rows that encircle the future invagination site. The cells in the rows align to form a smooth boundary (;boundary smoothing'), accompanied by a transient inc...

Accumulation of soft tissue or dentinal remnants in the apical region is a common event that can cause blockage of root canals. This event can be avoided if apical patency is performed during the root canal shaping procedures. However, there is no consensus on the role of apical patency in relation to the success of endodontic treatment of necrotic teeth with apical periodontitis. Therefore, th...

there are many treatment modalities available to acutely terminate incessant ventricular tachycardia with variable success rates, but some cases tend to prove refractory to all of them. we report a 59-year-old woman presenting with incessant ventricular tachycardia. echocardiography revealed a large true apical aneurysm and severe left ventricular dysfunction. the arrhythmia was controlled in t...

We report a case of apical fenestration misdiagnosed as persistent apical periodontitis. The patient was a 55-year-old woman who presented with persistent tooth pain at the right maxillary canine, despite repeated root canal treatment by a general practitioner. When the patient visited Tokyo Dental College Suidobashi Hospital, a CT examination was performed and apical fenestration diagnosed. Th...

The regulation of sphingolipid transport to the bile canalicular apical membrane in the well differentiated HepG2 hepatoma cells was studied. By employing fluorescent lipid analogs, trafficking in a transcytosis-dependent pathway and a transcytosis-independent ('direct') route between the trans-Golgi network and the apical membrane were examined. The two lipid transport routes were shown to ope...