BACKGROUND Some studies have reported a ceiling effect in EQ-5D-3L, especially in healthy and/or young individuals. Recently, two further levels have been included in its measurement model (EQ-5D-5L). The purposes of this study were (1) to assess the properties of the EQ-5D-5L in comparison with the standard EQ-5D-3L in a sample of young adults, (2) to foreground the importance of collecting qu...

BACKGROUND The EQ-5D, a generic health status questionnaire that is widely used in health economic evaluation, was recently expanded to the EQ-5D-5L to address criticisms of unresponsiveness and ceiling effect. AIMS To describe the validity, responsiveness and minimum important difference of the EQ-5D-5L in COPD. METHODS Study 1: The validity of the EQ-5D-5L utility index and visual analogu...

The crystal and molecular structures of [bis(5-chloro-2methoxybenzoate)tetraaquamanganese(II)], [pentaaqua(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoato)cobalt(II)] (5chloro-2-methoxybenzoate), [pentaaqua(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoato)nickel(II)] (5-chloro-2methoxybenzoate) and [aquabis(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoate)zinc(II)] monohydrate were determined by a single-crystal X-ray analysis. Mn(H2O)4L2 (where L = C8H6ClO3...

A series of 3-deazapurine ribonucleosides 5a–5l bearing diverse C-substituents (alkyl, aryl and heteroaryl) in the position 6 were prepared by Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of either free 6-chloro-3-deazapurine ribonucleoside 4 or its acetyl protected congener 3 followed by deprotection. An improved synthesis of the starting 4-chloro-1-(2,3,5-tri-O-acetylβ-D-ribofuranosyl)-1H-imidazo[4,...