Foveated imaging, such as that evolved by biological systems to provide high angular resolution with a reduced space-bandwidth product, also offers advantages for man-made task-specific imaging. Foveated imaging systems using exclusively optical distortion are complex, bulky, and high cost, however. We demonstrate foveated imaging using a planar array of identical cameras combined with a prism ...

Nonlinear image reconstruction based upon sparse representations of images has recently received widespread attention with the emerging framework of compressed sensing (CS). This theory indicates that, when feasible, judicious selection of the type of distortion induced by measurement systems may dramatically improve our ability to perform image reconstruction. However, applying compressed sens...

This paper considers synthetic aperture radar and other synthetic aperture imaging systems in which a backscattered wave is measured from a variety of locations. The paper begins with a (linearized) mathematical model, based on the wave equation, that includes the effects of limited bandwidth and the antenna beam pattern. The model includes antennas with poor directionality, such as are needed ...

We show how the intrinsically performed JPEG compression of many digital still cameras leaves margin for deriving and applying image-adapted coded apertures that support retention of the most important frequencies after compression. These coded apertures, together with subsequently applied image processing, enable a higher light throughput than corresponding circular apertures, while preserving...

The paper describes the use of synthetic aperture (SA) imaging in medical ultrasound. SA imaging is a radical break with today's commercial systems, where the image is acquired sequentially one image line at a time. This puts a strict limit on the frame rate and the possibility of acquiring a sufficient amount of data for high precision flow estimation. These constrictions can be lifted by empl...

Photographers often wish to control the depth of field. In particular, for portrait photography, a shallow depth of field can have dramatic effects on the composition and the feel of the picture. For example, a shallow depth of field can help direct attention to the subject by blurring out objects too close or too far from the camera, such as distracting objects or faces. Also, focusing on an o...

Speckled images of a binary broad band light source (600-670 nm), generated by randomized reflections or transmissions, were used to reconstruct a binary image by use of multi-frame blind deconvolution algorithms. Craft store glitter was used as reflective elements. Another experiment used perforated foil. Also reported here are numerical models that afforded controlled tip-tilt and piston aber...

Beam-beam simulations predict that PEP-II luminosity can be increased by operating the horizontal betatron tune near and above a half-integer resonance. However, effects of the resonance and its synchrotron sidebands significantly enhance betatron and chromatic perturbations which tend to reduce dynamic aperture. In the study, chromatic variation of horizontal tune near the resonance was minimi...

Periodic arrays of paired and single gold nanorods were imaged in the near field using reflection and transmission modes of a near-field scanning optical microscope at various wavelengths and polarizations of light in the visible range. The paired nanorods act like nanoantenna, and an array of them was initially designed as a negative-index material for the near infrared. Reverse contrast in re...

In just three years since its first introduction,',' the oxide-confined VCSEL has come to dominate much of the semiconductor laser research e f f ~ r t . ~ ~ Its prominence in studies of semiconductor microcavity physics is expected to increase as well, as it represents a promising means of minimizing an optical mode volume. The ease of processing allows novel forms of two-dimensional arrays, a...