OBJECTIVE The goal was to determine the association between short-duration (< or =3 days) and long-duration (> or =4 days) intravenous antibiotic therapy and treatment failure in a cohort of young infants hospitalized with urinary tract infections (UTIs). METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of infants <6 months of age who were hospitalized with UTIs between 1999 and 2004 at 24 c...

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a very effective treatment for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Less is known about the application of FMT as a curative treatment of severe or complicated CDI. In this review, we present and discuss evidence supporting the curative use of FMT in severe or complicated CDI. We performed a literature search in PubMed and Embase for studies...

Obese individuals more frequently suffer from infections, as a result of increased susceptibility to a number of bacterial pathogens. Furthermore, obesity can alter antibiotic treatment efficacy due to changes in drug pharmacokinetics which can result in under-dosing. However, studies on the treatment of bacterial infections in the context of obesity are scarce. To address this research gap, we...

Infection after shoulder arthroplasty remains one of the most common postoperative complications. Treatment options range from debridement, appropriate antibiotic regimen, and retaining the implant to resection arthroplasty in the elderly medically challenged patient. We review the diagnostic challenges and treatment options for periprosthetic infections involving the shoulder. It appears that ...

BACKGROUND How to use clinical score, the rapid streptococcal antigen test (RSAT), and culture results is uncertain for efficient management of acute pharyngitis in adults. METHODS This prospective cohort study included 372 adult patients with pharyngitis treated at a Swiss university-based primary care clinic. In eligible patients with 2 to 4 clinical symptoms and signs (temperature >or=38 d...

brucellosis is an infectious disease and it seems that it affects human immune system and can cause acute, subacute and chronic clinical features. forty patients suffering from chronic brucellosis were studied for cd3+, cd4+,cd8+, cd19+, cells and cd4+/cd8+ ratio by flow cytometry before and after treatment with antibiotics and immunopotentiators. the results were compared with 15 healthy contr...

The antibiotics are a very important adjuvant treatment in the infectious ostheoarticular pathology. Prevention of deep surgical wound and implant related infections in the surgical treatment of fractures and in the total hip and knee arthroplasty is made by prophylactic administration of antibiotics. The antibiotics are also used as a treatment for the ostheoarticular infections, but the antib...

In patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) lung damage secondary to chronic infection is the main cause of death. Treatment of lung disease to reduce the impact of infection, inflammation and subsequent lung injury is therefore of major importance. Here we discuss the present status of antibiotic therapy for the major pathogens in CF airways, including prophylaxis against infection, eradication of e...