Although DNA encoding antibiotic resistance has been discovered in antibiotic preparations, its significance for the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria is unknown. No phylogenetic evidence was obtained for recent horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes from antibiotic-producing organisms to bacteria from human or animal sources.

staphylococcus aureus is generally regarded as a leading cause of mastitis in dairy cattle. the aim of this study was to investigate the pattern of agr groups and any possible relationship between agr groups and antibiotic resistance among s. aureus strains isolated from bovine mastitis in northeast of iran. for this purpose, a total of 300 bovine mastitic milk samples were taken from dairy ind...

results in total, 73 isolates were collected and diagnosed as s. pneumoniae. isolates were susceptible to ofloxacin 95.9%, vancomycin 93%, penicillin 78%, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 61.6%, ceftriaxone 53.5%, meropenem 52%, cefotaxime 46.5%, and erythromycin 8.2%. of the 15 prsp isolates, the pbp2b gene was identified in 12 (80%). in 1 penicillin-intermediate s. pneumoniae isolate the pbp2b w...

backgrounds and aims: mastitis is a mammalian disease which is considered important due to its potential economic damages. trueperella pyogenesis is one of the important opportunistic pathogens of the mammary glands of cattle. this bacterium can produce acute mastitis infection in dairy cattle. in fact, this bacterium has several virulence genes which contribute to its pathogenicity. therefore,...

background and aims: the indiscriminate use of antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance in the treatment of infections caused by bacteria such as pseudomonas aeruginosa. the presence of integrons in pseudomonas is clearly associated with multidrug resistances. therefore, this study aimed at tracking class i, ii and iii integrons of antibiotic-resistant isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa th...

conclusions the occurrence of multidrug-resistant s. aureus in the elderly cohort indicates their capacity to serve as reservoirs for these strains, which could facilitate the dissemination of mrsa into the community. therefore, decolonization and the implementation of measures to prevent the spread of this organism are necessary. results fifty (21.7%) s. aureus strains were identified among th...

background and aims: escherichia coli are one of the important causes of diarrhea in children, adult and immune compromised ones in developing country. the aim of this study was to investigate the antibiotic resistance of e. coli isolated from gastroenteritis cases in shahrekord county, in order to obtain a rapid and suitable treatment. methods: in this descriptive analytical study, 234 fecal s...

conclusions our study showed high esbl incidence, with ctx-m genotype as the emerging strain in our hospitals. high co-resistance to other non-β-lactam antibiotics is a major challenge for the management of esbl infections. results the esbls were found in (62.89%) of e. coli and (67.5%) of k. pneumoniae isolates. the majority of the typeable isolates harbored two or more esbl genes (73%). overa...

objective(s):urinary tract infection (uti) caused by bacteria is one of the most frequent infections in human population. inappropriate use of antibiotics, often leads to appearance of drug resistance in bacteria. however, use of probiotic bacteria has been suggested as a partial replacement. this study was aimed to assess the antagonistic effects of lactobacillus standard strains against bacte...

objective(s): we aimed to characterize the phenotype and genotype of bacillus spp isolated from diabetic patients’ eyes, by studying the drug sensitivity patterns with a disc-diffusion method. materials and methods: fifty eyes of 25 patients with type ii diabetes mellitus, with at least 10 years of diabetes history, were included in the study. we analyzed the eyes for the presence of bacillus s...