Prediction of annual average precipitation over a regin is one of important issues in watersherd management and natural resources planning. Geostatistics is one of the useful methods for precipitation prediction which varies based on type of the variable. This study was conducted in Karoon and Dez Basins located in southwertern of Iran. The data set including 20 years of annual precipitation of...

Changes in surface net radiation Rn control the earth’s climate, the hydrological cycle, and plant photosynthesis. However, Rn is not readily available. This study develops a method to estimate surface daytime Rn from solar shortwave radiation measurements as well as conventional meteorological observations (or satellite retrievals) including daily minimum temperature, daily temperature range, ...

to study weed species diversity and community structure in pistachio (pistacia vera l.) orchards in 33 orchards of 12 villages an investigation was conducted in bardaskan county, khorasan razavi province, iran during 2008-2009. weed population sampling was conducted in a w shape method using 1m² quadrate. the results showed that the weeds of pistachio orchards were belonging to 15 families and ...

rainfall spatial analysis methods are very helpful since there are not enough rainfall gauge stations and watersheds are scattered in large extent. there are many different methods for estimating average precipitation such as; arithmetic method and thiessen polygon. however, the arrangement and location of data and their correlations are not considered by classic methods. thus, geostatistical t...

The bronchial dosimeter for Rn progeny proposed by Yu and Guan in 1998 was employed to survey the bronchial dose from Rn progeny in 30 residences in Hong Kong. An average bronchial deposition fraction of Rn progeny was obtained as 0.0334, which gave an average dose conversion factor (DCF) of 8.5 mSv WLM-1. The mean values of potential alpha energy concentration (PAEC) deposited in the tracheobr...

[1] This study evaluates three major Numerical-Weather-Prediction reanalyses (ERA-Interim, NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis I, and NCEP/DOE Reanalysis II) in modeling surface relative shortwave cloud forcing, cloud fraction, and cloud albedo. The observations used for this evaluation are decade-long surface-based continuous measurements of the U.S. Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program from 03/25...