Transmission of the bacterium occurs primarily through bites from arthropods, including the dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis), the wood tick (D. andersoni), the lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum), and the deer fl y (Chrysops spp.). In addition, contact with infected animals, most commonly rabbits, wild rodents, and cats, is another common route of transmission to humans (1,6). Tularemia occu...

Millions of people are bitten by dogs each year in Brazil and worldwide. Dog and cat bites have been studied in many countries, both from the standpoint of rabies control and animal behavior, but not always assesses risk factors. This survey aimed to evaluate the characteristics of biting dogs that would allow establishing risk factors for aggression by this specie in the municipality of Araçat...

Animal studies have shown an exponential increase in the risk of Borrelia burgdorferi infection after 48-72 h of deer tick attachment. Persons with tick bites were prospectively studied to determine if those with prolonged tick attachment constitute a high-risk group for infection. Ticks were identified, measured for engorgement, and assayed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for B. burgdorferi...

Direct visual observation is a common method for validation of animal behavior technologies; however, observations are time consuming and subject to human error. The objective this study was evaluate the RumiWatch system (Itin Hoch GmbH, Liestal, Switzerland), which composed noseband sensor pedometer, monitoring feeding locomotion behaviors grazing dairy cows, determine its accuracy use as benc...

BACKGROUND This review provides the physician with a clinical approach to the diagnosis and management of spider bites. It examines the recent literature concerning management of bites causing dermonecrosis, secondary infection, neuromuscular damage, and allergic reactions. METHODS Using the key words "spider bites," "brown recluse spider bites," "necrotic arachnidism," "black widow spider bi...

objective: annona senegalenesis pers is a sprawling shrub belonging to the family annonaceae, and is mainly used in ethnomedicine. the use of decoction of a. senegalenesis is very prominent in the management of various conditions ranging from bacterial infection, worm infestation,  snake bites, pyrexia and febrile convulsion in folk medicine. methods: the investigation on anticonvulsant activit...

BACKGROUND Although the incidence of animal bite is increasing in Iran, there is no sufficient knowledge about delayed Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP). Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate delayed PEP and its associated factors in bitten people. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in Tuyserkan district of Hamadan Province (West of Iran) from February 2011 to February 2012...