Efficient modeling of uncertain information in real world is still an open issue. Dempster-Shafer evidence theory is one of the most commonly used methods. However, the Dempster-Shafer evidence theory has the assumption that the hypothesis in the framework of discernment is exclusive of each other. This condition can be violated in real applications, especially in linguistic decision making sin...

Online trackers compile profiles on users for targeting ads, customizing websites, and selling users’ information. In this paper, we report on the first detailed study of the perceived benefits and risks of tracking—and the reasons behind them—conducted in the context of users’ own browsing histories. Prior work has studied this in the abstract; in contrast, we collected browsing histories from...

As an object moves through space, it creates a track (or path) representing the object’s past and present position and associated attributes. If data capture fails, then positions along the tracks are unknown. The particular problem we address in this paper is to create tracks of moving objects with missing data. We implement and test two techniques that create continuous tracks of two primate ...

In this paper, we present some fixed point theorems for single valued mappings on $K$-complete, $M$-complete and Symth complete quasi metric spaces. Here, for contractive condition, we consider some altering distance functions together with functions belonging to $C$-class and $A$-class. At the same time, we will consider two different type $M$ functions in contractive conditions because the qu...

Generation Challenges 2011 (GenChal’11) was the fifth round of shared-task evaluation competitions (STECs) involving the generation of natural language. It followed four previous events: the Pilot Attribute Selection for Generating Referring Expressions (ASGRE) Challenge in 2007 which had its results meeting at UCNLG+MT in Copenhagen, Denmark; Referring Expression Generation (REG) Challenges in...

will be discussed. The results of all three sections of the paper include as special cases the corresponding theorems on functions of a finite number of variables. The notion of a function / of infinitely many variables ( xy, x2, • • • ) was brought into mathematics in the wake of the infinite determinant, the consideration of infinite systems of linear equations and the researches of Hilbert, ...

This paper considers specification testing for instrumental variables estimation in the presence of many instruments. The test is similar to the overidentifying restrictions test of Sargan (1958) but the test statistic asymptotically follows the standard normal distribution under the null hypothesis when the number of instruments is proportional to the sample size. It turns out that the new tes...