deviation from the norm in al-sahifa al-sajjadiyah abstract literature deals with the arrangement and decoration of language with a beautiful form and an impressive message. foregrounding and deviation from the norm are the outcome of the manipulation of standard language in its phonology, semantics, lexis, syntax, and dialects, among other aspects. al-sahifa al-sajjadiyah is among the most val...

introduction maceral is a term to introduce organic components visible under a microscope (stopes, 1935). the physical and chemical characteristics of macerals such as elemental composition, moisture content, hardness, density and petrographic characteristics differ. the differences in the physical and chemical characteristics of macerals are reflected in their industrial behavior.(parkash, 198...